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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2019-6-69-109-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-1083</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Трансформация мирового порядка</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. Transformation of International Order</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Безбилетники» либерального порядка: повестка международного развития и символические политики восходящих держав</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Liberal Order «Free Riders»: International Development Agenda and the Symbolic Policies of the Rising Powers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарычева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarycheva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Владимировна Макарычева – к.полит.н., научный сотрудник Лаборатории анализа международных процессов, научный сотрудник Центра экспертизы санкционной политики </p><p>пр. Вернадского, 76, Москва, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Makarycheva – PhD in Political Science, Research Assistant at the Laboratory of International Trends Analysis, Research Assistant at the Center of Sanction Policy Analysis</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarycheva.a.v@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силаев</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Silaev</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Юрьевич Силаев – к.ист.н., ведущий научный сотрудник Центра проблем Кавказа и региональной безопасности, старший научный сотрудник Лаборатории анализа международных процессов </p><p>пр. Вернадского, 76, Москва, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay Yu. Silaev – PhD in History, Senior Research Assistant at the Laboratory of International Trends Analysis, Leading Research Assistant at the Center of Caucasus and Regional Security Studies</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolai.silaev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Владимирович Данилин – к.полит.н., старший научный сотрудник Лаборатории анализа международных процессов</p><p>пр. Вернадского, 76, Москва, 119454</p><p>Заведующий Отделом науки и инноваций, Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений имени Е.М. Примакова (ИМЭМО) РАН. Россия</p><p>117997, Москва, улица Профсоюзная, д.23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Danilin – PhD in Political Science, Senior Research Assistant at the Laboratory of International Trends Analysis </p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p><p>Head of Department for Science and Innovation at the Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danilin.iv@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеков</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chekov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Дмитриевич Чеков – научный сотрудник Центра европейских исследований, преподаватель кафедры международных отношений и внешней политики России</p><p>пр. Вернадского, 76, Москва, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr D. Chekov – Research Assistant at the Center of European Studies; Lecturer at the Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy of Russia</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo Moscow, Russia, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.d.chekov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шавлай</surname><given-names>Э. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shavlay</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эллина Петровна Шавлай – аналитик Лаборатории анализа международных процессов МГИМО МИД России, аспирант кафедры востоковедения</p><p>пр. Вернадского, 76, Москва, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ellina P. Shavlay – Analyst at the Laboratory of International Trends Analysis; PhD student at the Department of Oriental Studies</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shavlaj.e.p@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столярова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolyarova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Андреевна Столярова – аспирант кафедры мировых политических процессов </p><p>пр. Вернадского, 76, Москва, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Stolyarova – PhD student at the Department of World Politics </p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.a.stolyarova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макарычева А.В., Силаев Н.Ю., Данилин И.В., Чеков А.Д., Шавлай Э.П., Столярова С.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макарычева А.В., Силаев Н.Ю., Данилин И.В., Чеков А.Д., Шавлай Э.П., Столярова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarycheva A.V., Silaev N.Y., Danilin I.V., Chekov A.D., Shavlay E.P., Stolyarova S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1083">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1083</self-uri><abstract><p>Запад обеспокоен кризисом либерального глобального порядка и связывает этот кризис с политикой восходящих центров силы: Китая, Индии, России. В какой мере верен этот тезис? Опираясь на теорию социальной идентичности, авторы анализируют подходы восходящих держав к вопросам международного развития в категориях статусной динамики. Мы рассматриваем три сюжета. Первый это полемика о повестке развития ООН, в которой проявились противоречия между западными и не-западными подходами. Второй это сдвиги, которые произошли в последние десятилетия в составе доноров и реципиентов международной помощи. Третий это научно-технические дискурсы восходящих держав в связи с их самопрезентациями на оси «отсталость – развитость». Наш ключевой вывод состоит в том, что кризис либерального порядка – как системы институтов, созданной Соединенными Штатами и их союзниками после Второй мировой войны – проявляется в нарушении символического обмена между «развитыми» и «развивающимися» странами. Восходящие державы отказывают Западу в признании за ним статуса наиболее авторитетной инстанции политических оценок и лидера, определяющего направление международного развития. Наряду с этим они сами стремятся обрести статус лидеров развития, используя для этого, во-первых, собственные программы международной помощи (покровительство «отстающим»), а во-вторых, свои научно-технические программы. Однако символический вызов либеральному порядку со стороны восходящих держав не отличается единодушием и последовательностью. Если Россия в своей символической политике стремится обрести статус «развитого не-Запада» (по сути, воспроизводя самопрезентацию Советского Союза), то Индия и Китай, хотя и в разной мере, удерживают сразу две позиции: развитых, растущих индустриальных держав и развивающихся стран, принимающих помощь со стороны самых благополучных членов международного сообщества. Готовность ряда восходящих держав пользоваться ресурсами Запада и возможностями созданного им международного порядка, одновременно отказывая ему в признании его высокого статуса, и приводит к нарушению символического обмена. Таким образом, в области символического обмена воспроизводится «проблема безбилетника», сформулированная в экономической теории: восходящие державы пользуются благами созданного Западом глобального порядка, не признавая за ним статус, на который тот рассчитывает, и отказываясь поддерживать символическую иерархию, которую тот видит основой данного глобального порядка.</p><p>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The West is concerned over the crisis of the liberal world order attributing it to the conduct of emerging powers, such as China, India and Russia. Are its concerns legitimate? Drawing on social identity theory, the authors analyze the emerging powers’ stances on international development through the lens of status dynamics. In particular, three issue areas are investigated: the debate over the UN development agenda, which has revealed differences between Western and non-Western approaches, the changes in the membership of donor and recipient groups over the last decade and the discourse of emerging countries concerning science and technology, which betrays their self-image of a “developed” or “laggard” state.</p><p>The key finding of the paper is that the crisis of the liberal world order as a set of institutions created by the US-led countries after WWII manifests itself in the distorting symbolic exchange between developed and developing countries. The emerging states are unwilling to recognize the authority of the West and its leadership in setting the direction of global development. Meanwhile, they are trying to gain the status of development front-runners using their own foreign aid programs and science and technology development strategies. However, the rising states are not uniform and consistent in posing a symbolic challenge to the liberal order – while the Russia is striving for a “developed non-western country” status (thereby copying the USSR’s image), India and China, though to different degrees, are positioning themselves both as developed industrial states and as developing countries which receive aid packages from richer members of the international community. What leads to the distortions in this symbolic exchange is the desire of some emerging powers to use the resources of the West and reap the benefits of the world order created by it while denying it a high status. Thus, a classic economic “free-rider problem” arises in international relations: while benefiting from the liberal order created by the West, the rising states do not recognize the status it ascribes itself ignoring the symbolic hierarchy which, as viewed by western countries, underlies this order.</p><p>The authors declare the absence of conflict of interest.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>восходящие державы</kwd><kwd>альтернатива либеральному порядку</kwd><kwd>«большие вызовы»</kwd><kwd>кризис международного порядка</kwd><kwd>повестка глобального развития</kwd><kwd>международная помощь</kwd><kwd>глобальное управление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rising powers</kwd><kwd>an alternative to the liberal order</kwd><kwd>“grand challenges”</kwd><kwd>crisis of the international order</kwd><kwd>global development agenda</kwd><kwd>international assistance</kwd><kwd>global governance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (номер договора о выделении гранта 14.461.31.0002).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (grant agreement number 14.461.31.0002).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Acharya A. 2017. 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