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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2020-1-70-117-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-1275</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Новые технологии и невоенные ресурсы политического влияния</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. New Technologies and Nonviolent Means of Influence in International Relations</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лидерские сети как инструмент принуждения в мировой политике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Leadership Networks as a Tool of Coercion in World Politics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подберезкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podberezkin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подберёзкин Алексей Иванович – доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры всемирной и отечественной истории, директор Центра военно-политических исследований МГИМО МИД России</p><p>119454, г. Москва, проспект Вернадского, д. 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey I. Podberezkin – Doctor of History, professor of world аnd national history chair, director of the Center for Military and Political Studies, MGIMO-University</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vestnik@mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подберезкина</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podberezkina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подберёзкина Ольга Алексеевна – кандидат политических наук, научный сотрудник Центра постсоветских исследований ИМИ МГИМО МИД России</p><p>119454, г. Москва, проспект Вернадского, д. 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Podberezkina – Researcher at the Center for Post-Soviet Studies at the Institute for International Studies MGIMO-University</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">podberezkina.olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>117</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Подберезкин А.И., Подберезкина О.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Подберезкин А.И., Подберезкина О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Podberezkin A.I., Podberezkina O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1275">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1275</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ социальных сетей широко применяется в экономике, социологии, в медицине, например, при изучении путей распространения инфекционных заболеваний и в криминалистике для борьбы с террористическими сетями и распространением наркотиков. Анализ социальных сетей используется и в политической сфере. Интернет – отражение реального мира, в нем действуют те же законы, что и в реальном социуме. Правящая элита контролирует СМИ и социальные сети также как она контролирует средства производства. В статье рассматривается вопрос о роли социальных сетей во внешней и военной политике государств и других акторов. Методологически статья основана на грамшианской идее о культурной гегемонии правящего класса как основе легитимности политического режима. Дж. Шарп показал, как можно подорвать легитимность авторитарного режима через ненасильственное сопротивление. Статья показывает, какую роль в этом играют социальные сети и как через них легитимность политического режима подрывают извне. Поэтому информационное, культурное, экономическое влияние следует рассматривать как форму войны.</p><p>Распространение лидерских сетей только начинается. Потенциал этого формата Интернет-ресурсов огромен. Экономический кризис делает такие ресурсы ещё более востребованными. В тяжёлых условиях кризиса люди, оставленные государством наедине со своими проблемами, в ещё большей степени мотивированы на социальную кооперацию и взаимопомощь в сети, на получение ценной информации, внимания и поддержки со стороны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Social media analysis is widely used in economics, sociology, in medical studies of spreading infectious diseases and in forensic science to stop terrorist networks and drug proliferation. Social media analysis is also used in political sphere. Opinion leaders are increasingly participating in social media. The Internet is a reflection of the real world, it has the same laws as in real society. The ruling elite controls the media and social media as well as it controls the means of production. The article addresses the role of social networks in the foreign and military policies of states and other actors. The spread of leadership networks is at its early state. The potential of this Internet resource format is enormous. There is every reason to assume that economic crisis makes such resources even more popular. During economic crisis many people are left alone with their problems by their government and they are even more motivated to social cooperation and mutual assistance in social networks to receive valuable information, attention and support from the outside.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>«мягкая сила»</kwd><kwd>международная обстановка</kwd><kwd>информационно-когнитивные средства борьбы</kwd><kwd>социальные сети</kwd><kwd>лидерские сети</kwd><kwd>локальная человеческая цивилизация</kwd><kwd>военно-политическая обстановка</kwd><kwd>идеология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soft power</kwd><kwd>international environment</kwd><kwd>information and cognitive means of confrontation</kwd><kwd>social networks</kwd><kwd>leadership networks</kwd><kwd>local human civilization</kwd><kwd>military-political environment</kwd><kwd>ideology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gompert D., Binnendijk H. 2016. 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