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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2020-4-73-157-177</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-1743</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. 75 лет Победе</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«В память о невинных жертвах…»? Блайбург — спорное «место памяти» Хорватии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белов Михаил Валерьевич – доктор исторических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой Новой и новейшей истории</p><p>603005, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belov Mikhail Valerievich – Doctor of History, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Modern and Contemporary History</p><p>603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belov_mihail@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Светлана Вячеславовна – кандидат исторических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры Новой и новейшей истории</p><p>603005, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ульянова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuznetsova Svetlana Vyacheslavovna – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Modern and Contemporary</p><p>603005, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanova st., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetsova.sv.v@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет имени Н. И. Лобачевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod – National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>157</fpage><lpage>177</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белов М.В., Кузнецова С.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белов М.В., Кузнецова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belov M.V., Kuznetsova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1743">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1743</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена блайбургскому мифу в политике памяти современной Хорватии. В середине мая 1945 г. британская военная администрация передала югославским партизанам контингенты, пытавшиеся перебраться на Запад, чтобы избежать вероятной расправы над ними со стороны победителей-коммунистов. Среди возвращенных были представители разных национальностей Югославии, но преобладали хорватские усташи и словенские домобраны. Вскоре после войны усилиями хорватской эмиграции все жертвы состоявшихся в 1945 г. расправ и погибшие от голода и болезней во время этапирования были хорватизированы. А после распада СФРЮ в условиях войны 1991–1995 гг. блайбургский миф стал обретать официальный статус. Возвращение усташей как героев публичной сцены при Ф. Туджмане произошло благодаря концепции «национального примирения», которая, однако, осуществлялась не через осознание вины и принятие ответственности за совершенные преступления, а путем их полного или частичного оправдания.</p><p>В первой части статьи проанализирована исследовательская литература, посвященная блайбургскому мифу, этапам его становления и функциональной значимости. Во второй части рассмотрены общественные дебаты вокруг сараевской мессы по убитым и других памятных мероприятий в юбилейном мае 2020 г. Они сопоставлены с высказавшимися в литературе оценками блайбургского нарративно-ритуального комплекса.</p><p>75-летний юбилей Блайбурга, проведенный в атмосфере усталости от ограничительных мероприятий в связи с пандемией коронавируса и в преддверии хорватских парламентских выборов, продемонстрировал глубокий общественный раскол, сохранение конфликтного потенциала истории и политизированный характер обсуждения трагедии. Сопоставление выводов аналитиков блайбургского мифа с публикациями в массовой печати указывает на очевидность его функциональной модели для значительного сегмента хорватского общества. И хотя спрос на обновление мемориального репертуара, казалось, возрос, его все еще недостаточно для перехода к новой политике памяти.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the Bleiburg myth in the politics of memory in modern Croatia. In mid-May 1945 the contingents which were trying to move to the West and avoid the possible reprisals against them by the victorious communists were transferred to the Yugoslav partisans by the British military administration. Among them prevailed the members of Croatian Ustasha and Slovene Home Guard, but there were also representatives of other nationalities of Yugoslavia. Soon after the war all the victims of the massacres that took place in 1945 and those who died from hunger and illness during the transfer were Croatized through the efforts of the Croatian emigration. After the collapse of Yugoslavia and during the war (1991–1995), the Bleiburg myth began to acquire official status. The return of Ustasha soldiers as heroes to the public sphere under F. Tudjman was due to the concept of «national reconciliation», which was carried out not through awareness of guilt and acceptance of responsibility for the crimes committed, but through their full or partial justification.</p><p>The first part of the article reviews the research literature on the Bleiburg myth, the stages of its formation and functional significance. The second part examines the public debate around the Sarajevo mass for the murdered and other commemorative events in the anniversary in May 2020. They are compared with the evaluations of the Bleiburg narrative-ritual complex expressed in the literature.</p><p>The 75th anniversary of Bleiburg commemorated in an atmosphere of fatigue from the restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic and on the eve of the Croatian parliamentary elections, demonstrated deep social division, the contested character of history and the political interest in discussing this tragedy. Comparison of the research literature with publications in the mass press indicates the obviousness of the functional model of the Bleiburg myth for a significant segment of Croatian society. Although the demand for renewal of the memorial repertoire seems to have increased, it is still not enough for the transition to the new politics of memory.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>блайбургский миф</kwd><kwd>историческая политика Хорватии</kwd><kwd>места памяти жертв тоталитарных режимов</kwd><kwd>Независимое государство Хорватия</kwd><kwd>усташеностальгия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bleiburg myth</kwd><kwd>politics of history in Croatia</kwd><kwd>places of memory of victims of all totalitarian regimes</kwd><kwd>Independent State of Croatia</kwd><kwd>Ustasha-nostalgia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bellamy A. 2003. The Formation of Croatian National Identity: A Centuries-old Dream. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003. 224 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bellamy A. 2003. 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