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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2020-4-73-199-215</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-1747</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Конструктивизм в мировой политике и экономике</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внедрение норм: ахиллесова пята конструктивизма?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Norm Implementation: the Achilles’ Heel of Constructivist Theory?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виньо</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Crowley-Vigneau</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анн Виньо – аспирантка</p><p>Whiteknights, PO Box 217, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AH, United Kingdom</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anne Crowley-Vigneau – Doctoral Candidate</p><p>Whiteknights, PO Box 217, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AH</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">acrowleyvigneau@yahoo.fr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Рединга<country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">University of Reading<country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>199</fpage><lpage>215</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Виньо А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Виньо А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Crowley-Vigneau A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1747">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1747</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье предлагается обзор научной литературы, освещающей проблематику роли и места международных норм в мировой политике, исследуются их функции и «жизненный цикл». Показывается, что, в то время как этапы и механизмы, ведущие к принятию норм на уровне отдельных государств, довольно неплохо изучены и представлены в специализированной литературе, особенности фазы их непосредственного внедрения в значительной степени игнорируются учёными до сего дня. В статье также оценивается влияние, которым обладают международные нормы с точки зрения стимулирования изменений в различных сферах социальной жизни, а также мотивы, по которым государства заимствуют те или иные международные нормы. Подчёркивается, что вариативность исходов имплементации международных по происхождения норм в национальных рамках, а также причины, по которым часть норм достигают фазы почти полного соблюдения, в то время как другие переносятся в правовую систему исключительно формально, практически не объяснены в имеющемся корпусе исследований на эту тему. Тому есть несколько причин: в то время как одни ученые предполагают, что зрелые нормы автоматически достигают фазы безусловного соблюдения или полагаются в своих объяснениях на силу ценностных мотиваций и подпитываемых ими латентных поведенческих конфликтов, другие указывают на влияние групп экспертов-инноваторов или международное давление в обеспечении выполнения норм. Те же, кто описывает процессы и результаты адаптации международных норм к местным условиям, предлагают, на взгляд автора, наиболее убедительную реконструкцию того, каким образом государства пытаются внедрять и обеспечивать соблюдение международные нормы, под которыми они в своё время подписались. Вместе с тем в литературе остается существенный пробел: учёные по преимуществу сосредоточиваются на внутренних причинах, препятствующих успешной имплементации норм, и практически полностью игнорируют обстоятельства международного плана. Автор статьи подсвечивает эту лакуну во влиятельной конструктивистской литературе по проблематике норм и указывает, что если международные нормы, принятые национальными правительствами, не достигают фазы полного соблюдения и у научного сообщества отсутствует внятное, верифицируемое объяснение тому, почему это происходит, то изучение механизмов первичного принятия и последующей диффузии норм теряет свою актуальность и практическую значимость.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article offers a review of the IR academic literature on international norms, exploring their functions and life cycle, as well as revealing that while the stages leading to their national adoption have been thoroughly studied, the implementation phase has mostly been neglected by scholars. It also considers the power international norms have to bring about change in different spheres and why states adopt them. The national implementation of international norms and the reasons why some norms reach compliance while others do not have been to a large extent overlooked. The reasons for this are multifold: while some scholars assume mature, or salient, norms automatically reach compliance or rely on the explanatory power of value conflicts, others point to the influence of groups of innovative experts or international pressure in ensuring norm implementation. Those describing the local adaptation of international norms offer the most convincing descriptions of how states attempt to implement international norms they have adopted. A gap persists, however, in the literature, with scholars focusing on the domestic reasons that norms may not be successfully implemented and neglecting the international ones. This article points out a gap in the influential constructivist literature on norms, emphasizing that if international norms adopted by national governments do not reach compliance, then the study of adoption and diffusion mechanisms loses its relevance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>конструктивизм</kwd><kwd>распространение норм</kwd><kwd>разрыв в реализации</kwd><kwd>комплаенс</kwd><kwd>ценностный конфликт</kwd><kwd>институционализация</kwd><kwd>социализация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Constructivism</kwd><kwd>norm diffusion</kwd><kwd>implementation gap</kwd><kwd>compliance</kwd><kwd>value conflict</kwd><kwd>institutionalization</kwd><kwd>socialization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Acharya A. 2004. How Ideas Spread: Whose Norms Matter? Norm Localization and Institutional Change in Asian Regionalism. 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