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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2014-4-37-214-221</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-178</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Великобритания в содружестве наций: прошлое, настоящее, будущее</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Great Britain in the Commonwealth of Nations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">n.a.stepanova@alumni.lse.ac.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4(37)</issue><fpage>214</fpage><lpage>221</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Степанова Н.А., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степанова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepanova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/178">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/178</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу роли Содружества наций в истории и политике Великобритании. Возникнув в конце XIXв. как неформальное объединение Британии и доминионов в рамках Британской империи, эта организации прошла несколько этапов становления и превратилась в независимый институт, включивший в свой состав почти все бывшие британские территории. Сегодня Содружество является свободным объединением стран и провозглашает демократические ценности, хотя у истоков его создания стояли яркие представители империалистов, а само понятие в кругах британской политической элиты на некоторых этапах обозначало империю, только её более прогрессивную, демократичную и гуманную форму. В статье аргументируется, что на протяжении многих десятилетий одним из основных факторов развития организации было желание британских политиков удержать откалывающиеся колонии в сфере своего влияния. Действительно, страны-члены ассоциации принадлежали к одному из трёх важнейших и традиционных кругов британских политических и экономических интересов, сформулированных ещё Уинстоном Черчиллем, а важность института Содружества неизменно подчёркивалась в предвыборных партийных манифестах изаявлениях правительств. Однако с ослаблением Британии, растущей независимостью организации, а также в связи с противоречиями между британскими национальными интересами и идеалами, положенными в основу современного Содружества, Великобритании всё меньше удавалось оказывать влияние на этот институт, его роль для неё снижалась, в то время как некоторые лидеры страны почти саботировали организацию. Несмотря на уменьшение значения Содружества для политики и экономики страны, в Великобритании до сих пор раздаются голоса, призывающие реанимировать этот институт и роль в нём Британии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to an analysis of the role of the Commonwealth of Nations in British history and politics. Having emerged at the end of the XIX c. as an informal association of Britain and dominions within the British Empire it has developed into an independent institute that includes almost all former British territories. Even though nowadays the Commonwealth is a free association of countries and manifests democratic values, this distinctive representation of imperialists stood at its origins, and at times the term itself signified the empire, though in a more progressive, democratic and human form. The author argues that for many decades the main reason for this evolution was British politicians'desire to deter regions from breaking away from within the British sphere of influence. Indeed, the Commonwealth countries belonged to one of the three most important and traditional circles of British political and economic interests, as formulated by W. Churchill, while its importance has been constantly emphasized in numerous election manifestos and government statements. However, with the weakening of Britain and growing independence within the organization, as well as because of contradictions between British national interests and the Commonwealth's founding ideals and principles, Britain has become less and less capable of impacting the organization, and its significance has declined, while some British leaders have even openly sabotaged it. Nevertheless, voices that appeal to reanimate the institution, as well as Britain's role in it, are still heard in the British political arena.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Британское Содружество</kwd><kwd>Содружество наций</kwd><kwd>колонии</kwd><kwd>доминионы</kwd><kwd>деколонизация</kwd><kwd>империализм</kwd><kwd>Британская империя</kwd><kwd>колониализм</kwd><kwd>Великобритания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>The British Commonwealth</kwd><kwd>the Commonwealth of Nations</kwd><kwd>Great Britain</kwd><kwd>the British Empire</kwd><kwd>colonialism</kwd><kwd>colonies</kwd><kwd>dominions</kwd><kwd>imperialism</kwd><kwd>decolonization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брендон П. Упадок и разрушение Британской империи 1781-1997. М.: 2011.957 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Брендон П. 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