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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2020-5-74-168-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-1856</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Ближний Восток в истории и современной мировой политике</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Действительно ли так важен «Железный Шелковый Путь»? Роль железнодорожных грузовых перевозок в китайском проекте «Экономического пояса Шёлкового пути»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Is the Iron Silk Road Really So Important? Rail Freight Use on China’s “Silk Road Economic Belt”</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакски</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bucsky</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петер Бакски - докторант Факультета наук о Земле</p><p>H-7622 Pecs, Vasvari Pal utca 4, Hungary</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Peter Bucsky - PhD candidate at the Doctoral School of Earth Sciences</p><p>H-7622 Pecs, Vasvari Pal utca 4</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peter.bucsky@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кендердайн</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kenderdine</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тристан Кендердайн - директор по исследованиям</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tristan Kenderdine - Research Director at Future Risk</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tristan.leonard@ftrsk.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Печский университет</institution><country>Венгрия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Pecs</institution><country>Hungary</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Future Risk</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Future Risk</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>168</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бакски П., Кендердайн Т., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бакски П., Кендердайн Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bucsky P., Kenderdine T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1856">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1856</self-uri><abstract><p>Контейнерные железнодорожные перевозки «China Railway Express», связывающие Европу и Китай, являются флагманским проектом в рамках китайской инициативы Пояса и пути. Тем не менее, технически проект остается слабо проработанным. Из-за низкого качества управления и проблем прозрачности логистики, даже фактический объём перевезённых контейнеров и товаров является неизвестным. В связи с этим, подвергая эффективность межконтинентальной железнодорожной системы критической оценке, авторы статьи анализируют реальную и возможную пропускную транспортную способность данной системы. Авторы сопоставляют заявления в китайских государственных средствах массовой информации со статистикой Европейского Союза и обнаруживают расхождения между количеством поездов, предположительно отправляющихся из Китая, и количеством поездов, прибывающих в Европейский Союз. Соответственно, в настоящей статье, с опорой на различные источники и данные по грузовым железнодорожным перевозкам между Китаем и Европой, выявляется фактическое количество перевезенного груза, которое оказалось меньше ожидаемого и декларируемого. Также, исследуется политическое содержание проекта железнодорожных грузовых перевозок «CR Express» в контексте превращения Китая в «транспортную державу». Данное исследование может быть интересным для исследователей и практиков Европейского Союза, России и Центральной Азии, поскольку предлагает материал для оценки реальной необходимости участия в продолжающемся развертывании системы межконтинентальных железнодорожных грузовых перевозок «CR Express». При этом авторы предостерегают, что, несмотря на потенциальные экономические выгоды, прежде всего для центральноазиатских государств, инициатива усиливает экономическую и логистическую, инфраструктурную зависимость от Китая. Для Китайской Народной Республики, «CR Express» является геополитическим и геоэкономическим инструментом и способствует консолидации её внешнеполитического влияния.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>CR Express containerised rail transport between Europe and China is a flagship project of China’s “Belt and Road”. Yet operational and financial details of the project remain scarce. Due to poor governance and logistics transparency, the actual quantity of containers and goods transported is essentially unknowable. The authors doubt the efficacy of the CR Express intercontinental rail system and test its real and possible capacity throughputs. In the article they compare China public media statements with European Union statistics and reveal discrepancies between the number of trains supposedly departing China and the number of trains arriving in the European Union. This article provides numerous data sources and estimates on China–Europe rail freight traffic and demonstrates that the actual transported quantity of goods is probably lower than anticipated or reported. The article also analyses the political development of the CR Express rail freight system and China’s wider “Transport Power” policy. It concludes that while the political concept of the CR Express rail freight system is progressive, and the economic development of creating new cumulative causation systems is theoretically possible, that the evidence for actual economic use is underwhelming. This research helps European Union, Russian, and Central Asian policymakers better assess the viability of participating in the continued rollout of China’s CR Express intercontinental rail freight system. The authors warn that while the CR Express system has potential to be an economic good for Central Asian development it exposes the Eurasian economies to China's political and financial risk. For China the CR Express system fulfils only geopolitical and geoeconomic functions, and ultimately participation in the policy is of minimal utility to European Union economies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Транспортная политика</kwd><kwd>экономическая география</kwd><kwd>политическая география</kwd><kwd>геоэкономическая политика</kwd><kwd>железнодорожная инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>контейнерные перевозки</kwd><kwd>промышленная политика</kwd><kwd>Евразийская экономическая интеграция</kwd><kwd>«Экспресс СR»</kwd><kwd>Пояс и путь</kwd><kwd>транспортная держава</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transport policy</kwd><kwd>economic geography</kwd><kwd>political geography</kwd><kwd>geoeconomic policy</kwd><kwd>railway infrastructure</kwd><kwd>containerised transport</kwd><kwd>industrial policy</kwd><kwd>Eurasian economic integration</kwd><kwd>CR Express</kwd><kwd>Belt and Road</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Besharati B., Gansakh G., Liu F.F., Zhang X.M., Xu M. 2017. 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