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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2022-olf2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-3042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Дифференциация мировой политики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. Differentiation of world politics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Международная иерархия и функциональная дифференциация государств: результаты экспертного опроса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Hierarchy and Functional Differentiation of States: Results of an Expert Survey</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Несмашный</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesmashnyi</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Дмитриевич Несмашный – аналитик Центра евроазиатских исследований ИМИ</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander D. Nesmashnyi – Analyst, Center of Eurasian Studies, Institute for International Studies</p><p>119454, Moscow, 76, Prospect Vernadskogo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexnesmash@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жорнист</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhornist</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вера Михайловна Жорнист – аналитик Центра евроазиатских исследований ИМИ</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera M. Zhornist – Analyst, Center of Eurasian Studies, Institute for International Studies</p><p>119454, Moscow, 76, Prospect Vernadskogo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">verazharn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафранчук</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safranchuk</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Алексеевич Сафранчук – директор Центра евроазиатских исследований ИМИ</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Safranchuk – Director, Center of Eurasian Studies, Institute for International Studies, PhD in Political Sciences</p><p>119454, Moscow, 76, Prospect Vernadskogo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.safranchuk@inno.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Несмашный А.Д., Жорнист В.М., Сафранчук И.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Несмашный А.Д., Жорнист В.М., Сафранчук И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nesmashnyi A.D., Zhornist V.M., Safranchuk I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3042">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3042</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья фокусируется на изучении международной иерархии с применением метода экспертного опроса. Представлен краткий обзор литературы по двум основным подходам к изучению иерархии в международных отношениях: «иерархии авторитета» и «иерархии державного (властного) статуса». Демонстрируется, что существует разрыв между фундаментальными и прикладными исследованиями статуса. В то время как фундаментальные работы постоянно подчёркивают социальный характер международного статуса, исследования отдельных случаев зачастую опираются на исключительно материальные показатели национального потенциала. В связи со стремительными изменениями положения государств в международной иерархии возникает необходимость сформулировать более детальный и целостный подход. Авторы предлагают пересмотреть теорию международной иерархии на основе онтологии Никласа Лумана и его теории дифференциации. В статье описаны процессы сегментационной, стратификационной и функциональной дифференциации международного общества. Стратификационной дифференциации соответствует возникновение международной иерархии государств, а функциональной — появление международной специализации. Авторы утверждают, что функциональные роли государств и их положение в международной иерархии взаимосвязаны. Для подтверждения данного тезиса используется корреляционный анализ. Иерархия функциональных ролей понимается в терминах «иерархии авторитета». В статье представлены три важных для последующих исследований вывода. Во-первых, 26 государств охарактеризованы экспертами с точки зрения их принадлежности к одной из категорий державности (сверхдержава, великая держава, средняя держава, малая держава), для них рассчитан индекс державности. Во-вторых, представлены мнения экспертов о том, какие критерии державности важны для прикладных исследований (включая размер экономики, военную мощь, международный престиж, уровень автономии и т.д.). В-третьих, сформулирован новый теоретический подход, который связывает положение государства в международной иерархии и его функциональные роли. Кроме того, также рассчитаны на основе ответов экспертов индексы ролей, предоставления общественных благ и ревизионизма для 26 стран мира.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article investigates the existing international hierarchy employing expert survey as its primary method. 'Authority hierarchy' and 'power status hierarchy,' the two existing research traditions of hierarchy studies, are briefly introduced. We demonstrate a gap between basic research on power status, emphasizing its social nature, and applied case studies, primarily relying on purely material indicators of a country's capabilities, such as the GDP and CINC. In times of rapid hierarchical shifts, there is a need for a more nuanced and holistic approach. The article suggests placing hierarchy studies onto the ontological foundation of Niklas Luhmann's Differentiation Theory to overcome these problems. We trace the international society's segmentary differentiation, stratificatory differentiation (status hierarchy), and functional differentiation (specialization). The paper argues that the functional roles of states and their positions in the international hierarchy are interconnected. The hierarchy of states' roles, resulting from functional differentiation, is understood in terms of authority hierarchy. In order to lay the ground for further research, three valuable insights of states in the international hierarchy. Firstly, we categorize 26 countries as belonging to one of the power status categories (small power, middle power, great power, superpower) as of autumn 2021 based on the survey results. We calculate indices operationalizing power, roles, public goods provision, and revisionism for the states in the survey. Secondly, the paper presents experts' evaluations of the importance of various valued attributes (such as the size of the economy, military might, international prestige, autonomy, etc.) for different power status categories. Thirdly, we suggest a novel approach linking a country's position in the international hierarchy to its functional roles. We use correlation analysis to test the hypothesis and compare the roles index to other popular power status indicators.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>социология</kwd><kwd>Луман</kwd><kwd>новая системная теория</kwd><kwd>властный статус</kwd><kwd>критерии державности</kwd><kwd>теория дифференциации</kwd><kwd>авторитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sociology</kwd><kwd>Luhmann</kwd><kwd>New Systems Theory</kwd><kwd>power status</kwd><kwd>valued attributes</kwd><kwd>Differentiation Theory</kwd><kwd>authority</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и ЭИСИ в рамках научного проекта № 21-011-31530.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by RFBR and EISR, project number 21-011-31530.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Acharya A., Buzan B. 2010. 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