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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2015-2-41-120-126</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-318</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD POLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль диаспор в современной мировой политике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Diasporas in the Current World Politics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лошкарёв</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loshkariov</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kixlo@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2(41)</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лошкарёв И.Д., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лошкарёв И.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Loshkariov I.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/318">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/318</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена оценке влияния диаспор на мировую политику. Под диаспорой подразумевается транснациональное сообщество мигрантов, которое поддерживает материальные и эмоциональные связи с территорией (страной) происхождения и одновременно адаптируется к ограничениям и возможностям принимающего общества. Под влиянием эмоционального начала формируется сложный социально-психологический комплекс, включающий групповую солидарность и определённые мифы о территории происхождения. Как отмечается в статье, в целом диаспоры соответствуют выработанным в современных политологических трудах характеристикам негосударственных акторов. Диаспоры существуют автономно и участвуют в транснациональных взаимодействиях. Вероятность участия диаспор в подобных взаимодействиях увеличивается в некоторых ситуациях, а именно: при неудовлетворительном статусе диаспоры в стране проживания; при созревании предпосылок для изменения взаимоотношений между принимающим государством и страной происхождения; в условиях острого общественно-политического кризиса в стране происхождения. Влиятельность конкретной диаспоры зависит от её национальных, демографических и других особенностей. Своих целей на глобальном, региональном и национальном уровнях диаспоры достигают преимущественно путём воздействия на государственные институты. Кроме того, складываются основания для их самостоятельного, без привязки к государству, участия в мировых политических процессах. Особую роль в использовании ресурсов влияния играет элита диаспоры. Она представляет собой «центр управления», вырабатывающий стратегию действий и оперирующий ресурсами. Стабильность внутри «центра управления» является индикатором способности диаспоры управлять имеющимся потенциалом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The author's intention is to access the impact that diasporas have on world politics. The notion “diaspora” implies a transnational migrant community, which maintains material and emotional bonds with territory of origin and simultaneously adapts to limitations and possibilities of host society. The emotional component of a community entails psychosocial complex that includes the group solidarity and certain myths about the territory of origin. Taking into account the specifics of a given community, diasporas meet in general all the requirements of a non-state actor that have been elaborated in the current studies on the world politics. In particular, a diasporas exist independently and participates in the transnational interactions. Moreover, there are several situations which enhance diaspora’s ability to interfere. These situations may include the unsatisfactory status of the given community, migrants’ desire to improve certain political or economic conditions in the territory of origin, the prerequisites for changes in the relationships between the hostland and the homeland, urgent crises in the country of origin. In addition, diasporal influence depends on demographic and geographic characteristics of the particular community. Diasporas achieve their goals on global, regional and national levels mainly by influencing state’s institutions. However, some developments have been evolved that can facilitate a substantive diasporas’ involvement in the world political processes, involvement without dependence on state’s capabilities. Elite of the community plays a crucial role in the resource management. The elite presents “the controlling centre” that forges a strategy of action and makes transactions of resources. Stability within “the controlling centre” can be named as an indicator of diaspora’s ability to manage the potential available.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диаспора</kwd><kwd>транснациональные сообщества</kwd><kwd>солидарность</kwd><kwd>мигрант</kwd><kwd>мировая политика</kwd><kwd>ресурс влиятельности</kwd><kwd>негосударственный актор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diaspora</kwd><kwd>transnational communities</kwd><kwd>solidarity</kwd><kwd>migrant</kwd><kwd>world politics</kwd><kwd>resource of influence</kwd><kwd>non-state actor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боришполец К.П. Механизмы взаимодействия государства с национальными диаспорами // Ежегодник ИМИ. 2012. М., 2012. C. 79-86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Боришполец К.П. 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