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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2022-olf3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-3254</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Восприятие в мировой политике</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. Perceptions in World Politics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Темпоральный подход к проблеме устойчивости ядерной анархии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Is Nuclear Anarchy Sustainable? A Temporal Approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4359-4203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Учаев</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uchaev</surname><given-names>Ye. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Иванович Учаев – магистр международных отношений, преподаватель и аспирант кафедры мировых политических процессов</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yevgeny I. Uchaev – M.A. in International Relations, Lecturer and PhD student, World Politics Department</p><p>76 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, Russia, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eugeneuchaev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5120-1641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Квартальнов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kvartalnov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артем Александрович Квартальнов – магистр международных отношений, участник научного коллектива проекта «Темпоральное измерение международных отношений в контексте глобальных угроз ядерной войны и изменения климата»</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Kvartalnov – M.A. in International Relations, member of the research team, research project “Temporality of international relations in the context of global threats of nuclear war and climate change”76 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, Russia, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem@kvartalnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Учаев Е.И., Квартальнов А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Учаев Е.И., Квартальнов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Uchaev Y.I., Kvartalnov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3254">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3254</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье предлагается новый – темпоральный – подход к проблеме устойчивости ядерной анархии. В существующей литературе есть две противоположные точки зрения на данную проблему: сторонники тезиса о неустойчивости ядерной анархии полагают, что она неизбежно либо приведёт к катастрофической ядерной войне, либо трансформируется в иерархическое мироустройство, тогда как их оппоненты оспаривают как неизбежность ядерной войны в системе суверенных государств, так и катастрофичность такой войны. Однако в текущем виде этот спор упускает из виду, что и технологии, и социальные структуры всегда встроены в определенные культурно-мировоззренческие рамки и опосредованы ими. В частности, и ядерное оружие, и межгосударственная анархия встроены в соответствующие им темпоральности.</p><p>Принимая во внимание этот факт, мы выявляем и сопоставляем представления о времени, с которыми взаимосвязаны ядерное оружие и международная анархия. Показывается, что ядерная анархия характеризуется темпоральным противоречием между двумя её составляющими: существование ядерного оружия подразумевает потенциальную конечность времени человечества, а система суверенных государств сущностно связана с бесконечной темпоральностью. Из концепции темпорального противоречия далее выводятся теоретические следствия: 1) осознание конечности времени должно подрывать легитимность анархического мироустройства и стимулировать ограничение государственного суверенитета; 2) в условиях межгосударственной анархии должна происходить «этернализация» ядерного оружия – его переосмысление как совместимого с бесконечностью времени человечества. Ряд известных сюжетов из истории международной ядерной политики – ранние инициативы международного контроля над ядерной энергией, попытки выработать стратегии военного применения ядерного оружия, программа СОИ, эволюция антиядерного движения – интерпретируются нами в статье как эмпирические примеры указанных теоретических следствий.</p><p>Таким образом, концепция темпорального противоречия предоставляет дополнительный аргумент в пользу тезиса о долгосрочной неустойчивости ядерной анархии – поскольку распространение конечной темпоральности ведёт к выстраиванию международной иерархии, а сохранение бесконечной темпоральности, преуменьшая масштаб ядерной угрозы, делает ядерную войну более мыслимой и вероятной.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article develops a novel temporal approach to the sustainability of nuclear anarchy. The extant literature offers two opposite perspectives on the topic: some scholars argue that nuclear anarchy is unsustainable, since it will inevitably either lead to a catastrophic nuclear war or evolve into a hierarchical world order. Their opponents doubt the inevitability of nuclear war in a system of sovereign states and/or its catastrophic nature. However, the debate, as it stands now, ignores the fact that both technology and social structures are embedded in – and mediated by – cultures and worldviews. In particular, both nuclear weapons and interstate anarchy are embedded in specific temporalities.</p><p>Taking this fact into account, we identify and compare perceptions of time that are interrelated with nuclear weapons, on one hand, and international anarchy, on the other. The article reveals a temporal contradiction of nuclear anarchy: while nuclear weapons imply a potential finitude of humanity, the system of sovereign states is intrinsically connected with an indefinite temporality. We derive two theoretical implications form the concept of temporal contradiction. First, a realization of finite temporality should subvert the legitimacy of an anarchic world order and encourage limitations on national sovereignty. Second, international anarchy should ‘eternalize’ nuclear weapons, i.e., reinterpret them as compatible with the eternity of human civilization. Familiar events of nuclear history including early attempts to establish international control of nuclear energy, the Strategic Defense Initiative, and the evolution of the anti-nuclear movement are interpreted here as empirical evidence in favor of the theoretical implications described above.</p><p>Thus, the concept of temporal contradiction provides another argument in favor of the idea that nuclear anarchy is unsustainable in the long run, since the proliferation of the finite temporality leads to international hierarchy, whereas persistent indefinite temporality masks the severity of the nuclear threat, making nuclear war more conceivable and probable.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>темпоральность</kwd><kwd>ядерное оружие</kwd><kwd>международная анархия</kwd><kwd>суверенное государство</kwd><kwd>ядерная война</kwd><kwd>глобальные угрозы</kwd><kwd>темпоральное противоречие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>temporality</kwd><kwd>nuclear weapons</kwd><kwd>international anarchy</kwd><kwd>sovereign state</kwd><kwd>nuclear war</kwd><kwd>global threats</kwd><kwd>temporal contradiction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счёт гранта Российского научного фонда, проект № 22-28-01054 (https://www.rscf.ru/project/22-28-01054/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 22-28-01054 (https://www.rscf.ru/project/22-28-01054/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adamsky D. 2019. 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