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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2022-6-87-135-165</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-3277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Восприятие в мировой политике</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. Perceptions in World Politics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Концепция «тотальной обороны» как отражение стратегической культуры Швеции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Total Defense Concept as the Embodiment of Sweden’s Strategic Culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белухин</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belukhin</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Евгеньевич Белухин – исполнитель проекта РНФ No 20-78-10159; младший научный сотрудник Отдела европейских политических исследований;</p><p> 117997, Москва, улица Профсоюзная, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita E. Belukhin – Participant of the RSF Project No 20-78-10159; Junior Research Fellow of Department for European Political Studies</p><p>23 Profsoyuznaya street, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belukhin@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воротников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorotnikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владислав Владиславович Воротников – кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры истории и политики стран Европы и Америки; директор Центра европейских исследований Института международных исследований; ведущий научный сотрудник отдела исследований Центральной и Восточной Европы</p><p>119454, Россия, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76; 125009, Россия, Москва, ул. Моховая, д. 11, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Vorotnikov – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department for European and American Studies; Director of the Centre for European Studies; Leading Research Fellow</p><p>76 Vernadsky avenue, Moscow, 119454; 11-3, Mokhovaya street, Moscow, 125009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.vorotnikov@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дианина</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dianina</surname><given-names>S. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Юрьевна Дианина – кандидат философских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры языков стран Северной Европы и Балтии</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Y. Dianina - Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of North European and Baltic languages</p><p>76 Vernadsky avenue, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.dianina@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений имени Е.М. Примакова Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный институт международных отношений (Университет) МИД России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>165</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белухин Н.Е., Воротников В.В., Дианина С.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белухин Н.Е., Воротников В.В., Дианина С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belukhin N.E., Vorotnikov V.V., Dianina S.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3277">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3277</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу концепции «тотальной обороны» как одной из составляющих стратегической культуры Швеции и тому, как её элементы влияют на подходы Швеции к оборонному сотрудничеству в рамках ЕС. «Тотальная оборона» остаётся опорой оборонного планирования и представления об угрозах национальной безопасности Швеции, хотя до настоящего момента ещё не привлекла значительного внимания со стороны российских исследователей. На современном этапе восстановление эффективной системы «тотальной обороны», сравнимой с периодом биполярного противостояния, сталкивается со значительными трудностями в связи с последовательным снижением оборонных расходов после окончания холодной войны и децентрализацией системы национального кризисного планирования. В процессе восстановления концепции «тотальной обороны» также обнаруживаются противоречия между требованиями консолидации и централизованного принятия решений и либеральным, открытым характером шведского общества и экономики, а также принципами ответственности, субсидиарности и аналогии, которые лежат в основе современной системы реагирования на чрезвычайные ситуации. «Тотальная оборона», таким образом, выступает попыткой создания эффективной системы реагирования на кризисные ситуации, которая бы успешно функционировала в демократическом обществе как в условиях мира, так и потенциального вооружённого конфликта без необходимости объявления чрезвычайной ситуации и сосредоточения исключительных полномочий отдельными органами или группой лиц. В соответствии со шведской стратегической культурой важно не только эффективно разрешить кризисную ситуацию, но и сделать это с соблюдением нормального функционирования политических институтов и верховенства права. В рамках ЕС Швеция успешно заняла нишу развития гражданских или невоенных элементов кризисного урегулирования, в то время как оборонное сотрудничество в рамках PESCO и Европейского оборонного фонда в большей степени определяется прагматичными интересами шведских оборонных компаний, а не стратегическими соображениями. Шведский опыт «тотальной обороны» показывает, что в настоящий момент многие государства ЕС с либеральным открытом характером общества и экономики продолжат сталкиваться с той же дилеммой – необходимостью построения самодостаточной и эффективной национальной обороны при сохранении либеральных принципов как в политической системе, так и в экономике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the «total defense» concept considering it to be part of Sweden’s strategic culture and provides an overview of how this concept defines Sweden’s approach towards the defense cooperation within the EU. «Total defence» remains staple in the Swedish defence planning and the perception of risks to national security, but has not yet received sufficient attention from Russian researchers. The announced restoration of the effective total defense system potentially comparable to that of the period of bipolar confrontation is associated with significant difficulties due to the gradual reduction in defense spending after the end of the Cold War and the decentralization of the national crisis preparedness structures which was initiated in the early 2000s. The total defense itself also reveals tensions between the demands for consolidation and centralized decision-making and the liberal, open nature of the Swedish society and national economy, as well as the principles of responsibility, subsidiarity and similarity that underline the present Swedish emergency response system. The total defense, is, therefore, regarded as an attempt at creating an effective crisis preparedness system that would function successfully in a democratic society, both under the conditions of peace and potential armed conflict, without the need to declare an emergency and endow individual bodies or a selected group of individuals with exclusive powers. The Swedish strategic culture, therefore, stipulates that it is important not only to resolve a crisis effectively, but also to do so in a way which would not endanger the regular functioning of political institutions and the rule of law. Within the EU Sweden has earned credit for developing civilian or non-military elements of crisis management, while «more hardware» defense cooperation within PESCO and the European Defense Fund is defined by the pragmatic economic interests of Swedish defense companies rather than by strategic considerations. The Swedish Experience with «total defence» will continue to face the same dilemma – the need to rebuild a robust and self-reliant national defence while preserving the liberal principles in politics as well as in economy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Швеция</kwd><kwd>тотальная оборона</kwd><kwd>стратегическая культура</kwd><kwd>Социал-демократическая рабочая партия Швеции</kwd><kwd>ЕС</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>чрезвычайная ситуация</kwd><kwd>обороннопромышленный комплекс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sweden</kwd><kwd>total defense</kwd><kwd>strategic culture</kwd><kwd>Swedish Social Democratic Workers' Party</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>emergency</kwd><kwd>defense industry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Åselius G. 2005. Swedish Strategic Culture after 1945. 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