<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2015-2-41-247-253</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-328</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Международное значение закона о двойном гражданстве в Германии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dual Citizenship in Germany and what it Means for World Politics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салкина</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salkina</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">salkina.m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2(41)</issue><fpage>247</fpage><lpage>253</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салкина М.С., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салкина М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salkina M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/328">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/328</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена новому германскому закону о двойном гражданстве и содержит анализ его возможных мирополитических последствий. Допустимость двойного гражданства, устанавливающего политико-правовую связь индивида с двумя государствами одновременно, стала предметом дискуссий с момента возникновения данного института, и главным аргументом противников подобной практики всегда была сомнительная лояльность бипатридов по отношению к государству. С принятием закона, позволяющего получать немецкое гражданство лицам, у которых оба родителя являются иностранцами, Германия, всегда отстаивавшая собственную идентичность, преодолела ещё одну ступень либерализации. Это решение органично вписывается в общеевропейский сценарий формирования максимально открытого государства, отличающегося этнокультурным многообразием, что в нынешних условиях стало своего рода императивом и, по крайней мере пока, вытеснило доводы о ненадёжности граждан, имеющих паспорт другой страны. В статье внимание автора концентрируется на турецкой диаспоре, для которой данное нововведение особенно значимо, поскольку она является самой крупной и влиятельной инокультурной общиной на территории Германии. Таким образом, вопросы, касающиеся гражданства, также тесно связаны с современными проблемами миграции. Указывая на перспективы неминуемой интенсификации миграционных потоков из Турции и увеличения доли граждан ФРГ турецкого происхождения, автор прогнозирует влияние инициативы на мировую политическую систему. В этих условиях следует ожидать изменений как в европейских интеграционных процессах и в характере взаимодействия ЕС с ключевыми партнёрами, так и в архитектуре мировой безопасности. Анализ результатов данного решения предваряется историческими сведениями о формировании турецкой диаспоры на территории Германии и о германском видении национальной общности, которое неизбежно определяет политику государства в вопросах выдачи гражданства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the new law on dual citizenship in Germany and analyzes its eventual impact on the international political system. Dual citizenship establishes political and legal connections between an individual and two states at the same time. Its admissibility has been a subject of various discussions since the very appearance of this institution and doubtful loyalty has always been the main argument against it. The adoption of a law permitting dual citizenship in Germany for those whose both parents are foreigners means passing another stage of liberalization. This decision is part of the idea of an open multicultural society officially praised all over Europe and that has silenced (at least for now) arguments on unreliability of those who hold two ID cards. The author focuses on Turkish diaspora that will benefit the most from the initiative, since it is the largest and the most influential foreign community on German territory. Thus, issues related to citizenship are closely connected with modern migration problems. Suggesting that migration flows from Turkey will grow and so will the proportion of German citizens of Turkish descent, the author attempts to predict how the new law can influence world politics. In these circumstances further changes are possible in integration processes, the relations between EU and its key partners and equally in international security architecture. The analysis is preceded by a short historical overview of Turkish diaspora formation in Germany and German vision of a national community that inevitably determines the State citizenship policies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Германия</kwd><kwd>двойное гражданство</kwd><kwd>Европейский Союз</kwd><kwd>миграция</kwd><kwd>мультикультурализм</kwd><kwd>натурализация</kwd><kwd>Турция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dual citizenship</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>Germany</kwd><kwd>migration</kwd><kwd>multiculturalism</kwd><kwd>naturalization</kwd><kwd>Turkey</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Auswartiges Amt. Available at: http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de Available at: http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/DE/Aussenpolitik/Laender/Laenderinfos/Tuerkei/Bilateral_node.htm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Auswartiges Amt. Available at: http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de Available at: http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/DE/Aussenpolitik/Laender/Laenderinfos/Tuerkei/Bilateral_node.htm</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berlin. Das offizielle Hauptstadtportal. Available at : http://www.berlin.de Deutsch-Turkisch, der Beauftrage des Senats fur Integration und Migration Available at: http://www.berlin.de/imperia/md/content/lb-integration-migration/publikationen/minderheiten/berlin_deutsch_tuerkisch_bf.pdf?start&amp;ts-=1229705053&amp;file=berlin_deutsch_tuerkisch_bf.pdf (Accessed 2 April).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berlin. Das offizielle Hauptstadtportal. Available at : http://www.berlin.de Deutsch-Turkisch, der Beauftrage des Senats fur Integration und Migration Available at: http://www.berlin.de/imperia/md/content/lb-integration-migration/publikationen/minderheiten/berlin_deutsch_tuerkisch_bf.pdf?start&amp;ts-=1229705053&amp;file=berlin_deutsch_tuerkisch_bf.pdf (Accessed 2 April).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boer I. Turken in Berlin 1871-1945: eine Metropole in den Erinnerungen osmanischer und turrischer Zeitzeugen. Gruyter, 2002, 374 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boer I. Turken in Berlin 1871-1945: eine Metropole in den Erinnerungen osmanischer und turrischer Zeitzeugen. Gruyter, 2002, 374 S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deutsch Turkische Nachrichten. Available at: http://www.deutsch-tuerkische-nachrichten.de Mikrozensus 2011: Statistisches Bundesamt bestatigt 3 Millionen turkstammige Migranten in Deutschland. Available at: http://www.deutsch-tuerkische-nachrichten.de/2012/09/460413/mikrozensus-2011-statistisches-bundesamt-bestaetigt-3-millionen-tuerkischstaemmige-migranten-in-deutschland/ (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deutsch Turkische Nachrichten. Available at: http://www.deutsch-tuerkische-nachrichten.de Mikrozensus 2011: Statistisches Bundesamt bestatigt 3 Millionen turkstammige Migranten in Deutschland. Available at: http://www.deutsch-tuerkische-nachrichten.de/2012/09/460413/mikrozensus-2011-statistisches-bundesamt-bestaetigt-3-millionen-tuerkischstaemmige-migranten-in-deutschland/ (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deutsche Welle. Available at: http://www.dw.de Dual citizenship law takes effect in Germany. Available at: http://www.dw.de/dual-citizenship-law-takes-effect-in-germany/a-18143002 (Accessed 10 January 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deutsche Welle. Available at: http://www.dw.de Dual citizenship law takes effect in Germany. Available at: http://www.dw.de/dual-citizenship-law-takes-effect-in-germany/a-18143002 (Accessed 10 January 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deutschlandfunk. Available at: http://www.deutschlandfunk.de Gulen-Bewegung ist eine Sekte. Available at: http://www.deutschlandfunk.de/tuerkei-guelen-bewegung-ist-eine-sekte.694.de.html?dram:article_ id=273259 (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deutschlandfunk. Available at: http://www.deutschlandfunk.de Gulen-Bewegung ist eine Sekte. Available at: http://www.deutschlandfunk.de/tuerkei-guelen-bewegung-ist-eine-sekte.694.de.html?dram:article_ id=273259 (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Die Welt. Available at: http://www.welt.de Lebt eine halbe Million mehr Turken in Deutschland? Available at: http://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article113327480/Lebt-eine-halbe-Million-mehr-Tuerken-in-Deutschland.html (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Die Welt. Available at: http://www.welt.de Lebt eine halbe Million mehr Turken in Deutschland? Available at: http://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article113327480/Lebt-eine-halbe-Million-mehr-Tuerken-in-Deutschland.html (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gençer M. Bildungspolitik, Modernisierung und Kulturelle Interaktion: deutsch-turkische Beziehungen (1908u1918). Lit-Verlag, 320 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gençer M. Bildungspolitik, Modernisierung und Kulturelle Interaktion: deutsch-turkische Beziehungen (1908u1918). Lit-Verlag, 320 S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghadban R. Islam und Islamkritik. Vortrage zur Integrationsfrage. Verlag Hans Schiler, 2011.290 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghadban R. Islam und Islamkritik. Vortrage zur Integrationsfrage. Verlag Hans Schiler, 2011.290 S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelek N. Bittersüße Heimat: Bericht aus dem Inneren der Turkei. Goldmann, 2009. 304 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelek N. Bittersüße Heimat: Bericht aus dem Inneren der Turkei. Goldmann, 2009. 304 S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knortz H. Diplomatische Tauschgeschafte: "Gastarbeiter" in der westdeutschen Diplomatie und Beschaftigungspolitik 1953-1973. Bohlau, 2008, 248 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knortz H. Diplomatische Tauschgeschafte: "Gastarbeiter" in der westdeutschen Diplomatie und Beschaftigungspolitik 1953-1973. Bohlau, 2008, 248 S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kramer H. Reinkowski Maurus Die Turkei und Europa: eine wechselhafte Beziehungsgeschichte. W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2008. 216 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kramer H. Reinkowski Maurus Die Turkei und Europa: eine wechselhafte Beziehungsgeschichte. W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2008. 216 S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le Figaro. Available at: http://www.lefigaro.fr. Immigration: la Suisse veut des quotas. Available at: http:// www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2015/02/11/97001-20150211FILWWW00339-immigration-la-suisse-veut-des-quotas.php (Accessed 3 April 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le Figaro. Available at: http://www.lefigaro.fr. Immigration: la Suisse veut des quotas. Available at: http:// www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2015/02/11/97001-20150211FILWWW00339-immigration-la-suisse-veut-des-quotas.php (Accessed 3 April 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le Monde. Available at : http://www.lemonde.fr Les Suisses votent oui a la limitation de l'immigration de masse Available at: http://www.lemonde.fr/europe/article/2014/02/09/les-suisses-votent-oui-a-la-limitation-de-l-immigration-de-masse_4363064_3214.html (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le Monde. Available at : http://www.lemonde.fr Les Suisses votent oui a la limitation de l'immigration de masse Available at: http://www.lemonde.fr/europe/article/2014/02/09/les-suisses-votent-oui-a-la-limitation-de-l-immigration-de-masse_4363064_3214.html (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prove R. Ubergange schaffen: Ritual und Performanz in der fruhneuzeitlichen Militargesellschaften (Herrschaft und soziale Systeme in der Fruhen Neuzeit). V&amp;R Unipress, 2012. 158 S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prove R. Ubergange schaffen: Ritual und Performanz in der fruhneuzeitlichen Militargesellschaften (Herrschaft und soziale Systeme in der Fruhen Neuzeit). V&amp;R Unipress, 2012. 158 S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Statista. Available at: http://de.statista.com Anzahl der Auslander in Deutschland nach Herkunfstand. Available at: http://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/1221/umfrage/anzahl-der-auslaender-in-deutschland-nach-herkunftsland/ (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Statista. Available at: http://de.statista.com Anzahl der Auslander in Deutschland nach Herkunfstand. Available at: http://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/1221/umfrage/anzahl-der-auslaender-in-deutschland-nach-herkunftsland/ (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tagesschau. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de Doppelte Staatsburgerschaft tritt in Kraft. Zwei Passe fur Kinder von Migranten. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de/inland/doppelpass-109.html (Accessed 8 January 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tagesschau. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de Doppelte Staatsburgerschaft tritt in Kraft. Zwei Passe fur Kinder von Migranten. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de/inland/doppelpass-109.html (Accessed 8 January 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tagesschau. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de Koalition einigt sich beim Doppelpass. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de/inland/doppelte-staatsbuergerschaft100.html (Accessed 10 January 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tagesschau. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de Koalition einigt sich beim Doppelpass. Available at: http://www.tagesschau.de/inland/doppelte-staatsbuergerschaft100.html (Accessed 10 January 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whaley J. Germany and the Holy Roman Empire. Volume I: Maximillian I to the Peace of Westphalia 1493-1648. Oxford University Press, 2012. 752 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Whaley J. Germany and the Holy Roman Empire. Volume I: Maximillian I to the Peace of Westphalia 1493-1648. Oxford University Press, 2012. 752 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zeit. Available at: http://www.zeit.de Bundestag weitet doppelte Staatsburgerschaft aus. Available at: http:// www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2014-07/doppelpass-doppelte-staatsbuergerschaft-bundestag-beschluss (Accessed 10 January 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zeit. Available at: http://www.zeit.de Bundestag weitet doppelte Staatsburgerschaft aus. Available at: http:// www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2014-07/doppelpass-doppelte-staatsbuergerschaft-bundestag-beschluss (Accessed 10 January 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zeit. Available at: http://www.zeit.de Der Streit. Available at: http://www.zeit.de/2005/21/Titel_2fAly_21/seite-3 (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zeit. Available at: http://www.zeit.de Der Streit. Available at: http://www.zeit.de/2005/21/Titel_2fAly_21/seite-3 (Accessed 2 April 2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
