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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2024-5-98-161-184</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-3778</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. История идей и их влияние на практику международных отношений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. The History of Ideas and Their Impact on the Practice of International Relations</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Долгая жизнь органической метафоры Руссо: опыт деконструкции концептов американской политики в Европе и Евразии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Cognitive Trap of Rousseau's "Organic Metaphor" and the Construction of U.S. Policy in Europe and Eurasia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коктыш</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koktysh</surname><given-names>K. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Евгеньевич Коктыш – доктор политических наук, профессор кафедры политической теории, ведущий научный сотрудник ИМИ</p><p>119454, Россия, Москва, проспект Вернадского 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill E. Koktysh – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Senior Research Fellow</p><p>76 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, Russia, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirill.koktysh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Михайлович Сергеев – доктор исторических наук, главный научный сотрудник ИМИ</p><p>119454, Россия, Москва, проспект Вернадского 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor M. Sergeev – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Leading Research Fellow</p><p>76 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, Russia, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">victor04076831@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игитян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Igityan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астхик Арсеновна Игитян – аналитик ИМИ</p><p>119454, Россия, Москва, проспект Вернадского 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astkhik A. Igityan – Analyst</p><p>76 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, Russia, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.igityan@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">MGIMO University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коктыш К.Е., Сергеев В.М., Игитян А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коктыш К.Е., Сергеев В.М., Игитян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koktysh K.E., Sergeev V.M., Igityan A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3778">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3778</self-uri><abstract><p>Идейное измерение международных отношений и внешней политики отдельных стран представляет собой самостоятельное поле взаимодействия. Его изучение неизбежно происходит на стыке политической теории и философии. В социально-политической области яркая метафора, которая является базовым инструментом познания, может овладеть умами околополитических слоёв и надолго стать для них «когнитивным ключом», объясняющим политику. Однако она не только может давать необходимое для практических действий понимание контекста и внутренней логики событий, но и может стать своеобразным фильтром при восприятии происходящего, тем самым неявным образом ограничивая свободу воли воспринявшего метафору субъекта. При этом идеализм, постулирующий первичность идей по отношению к материи, подразумевает и возможность преобразования материальной реальности в соответствии с заданными идейными основаниями. Таким образом, метафора может быть сильнейшим инструментом политики. Органическая метафора Руссо, а особенно выстроенные на её основе концептуальные основы политики Вудро Вильсона, рассматриваются в настоящей статье как пример инструментального использования политической метафоры. В исследовании показано, как США использовали метафору для форматирования идейного уровня европейской политики, а сейчас делают это на континентальных пространствах Евразии. В прошлом веке концепт наций позволял расщеплять на неконкурентоспособные части любое конкурирующее образование. Однако борьба с империями, под знаменем которой прошла большая часть прошлого века, отнюдь не закончилась с их фактическим распадом. В современных условиях США, исходя из принципа divide et impera, последовательно противостоят любым интеграционным объединениям, возникающим на пространствах Евразии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The ideological dimension of international relations and foreign policy represents a distinct area of interaction, often situated at the intersection of political theory and philosophy. This study explores how metaphors, particularly Rousseau’s Organic Metaphor and its adaptation by Woodrow Wilson in his conceptualization of nationalism, function as powerful cognitive tools within the political sphere. These metaphors can act as "cognitive keys" that shape the perception of socio-political realities, influencing both the understanding and actions of political actors. However, while they provide a framework for understanding the internal logic of events, they also limit cognitive freedom by acting as implicit filters. This article traces the instrumental use of these metaphors in U.S. foreign policy, particularly how Wilson’s conceptualization of nationalism, derived from Rousseau’s metaphor, was utilized to reshape the ideational landscape of European politics in the 20th century and is now being applied in Eurasia. The concept of nationalism allowed for the fragmentation of competing political entities, aligning with the U.S. strategy of divide et impera to oppose integration movements. The article further examines how these strategies, which once targeted European empires, are now being employed against emerging integration unions in Eurasia, thereby highlighting the continuity of ideological tools in American foreign policy across different historical contexts.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>органическая метафора Руссо</kwd><kwd>политическая метафора</kwd><kwd>Вильсон</kwd><kwd>национализм</kwd><kwd>Лига Наций</kwd><kwd>политика США в Европе и Евразии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Rousseau's organic metaphor</kwd><kwd>political metaphor</kwd><kwd>Wilson</kwd><kwd>nationalism</kwd><kwd>League of  Nations</kwd><kwd>US policy in Europe and Eurasia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aiko Y. 2006. 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