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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2024-5-98-7-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-3779</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Международная политическая экономия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. International Political Economy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Франция в экономической системе Европейского союза: непохожий второй</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>France in the EU Economic System: The Peerless Second</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буторина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butorina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Витальевна Буторина, член-корреспондент РАН, доктор экономических наук, профессор, заместитель директора</p><p>125009, Россия, Москва, Моховая ул., 11-3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Butorina – Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Economics, Deputy Director for Research at the Institute of Europe</p><p>Mokhovaya st. 11-3, Moscow, Russia, 125009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">butorina@ieras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт Европы РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Буторина О.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Буторина О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Butorina O.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3779">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3779</self-uri><abstract><p>Франция и Германия традиционно играют ведущую роль в выработке экономической политики Европейского союза. Немецкий ордолиберализм и французский дирижизм составляют двуединый концептуальный стержень европейской экономической интеграции. Выход Великобритании из ЕС изменил конфигурацию ядра объединения, четвёрка крупнейших государств-членов превратилась в тройку. Происходящее на этом фоне усиление роли Германии, с одной стороны, повышает статус франко-германского тандема, а с другой, делает положение Франции в объединении всё более зависимым от её реального экономического веса. Цель статьи – проследить, как меняется положение Франции в экономической системе Европейского союза, вскрыть важнейшие долгосрочные тенденции и на их основе сделать прогноз о потенциальном изменении баланса сил в системе экономического управления группировки. Для этого сначала изучается кадровое присутствие представителей Франции в высших органах экономического управления ЕС в исторической ретроспективе, суммируется вклад французской школы общественной мысли в развитие экономической и валютной политики Сообщества. Далее с опорой на данные международной статистики проводится сравнительный анализ важнейших макроэкономических показателей Франции и её партнеров по Евросоюзу: динамики ВВП, населения и душевых доходов, а также состояния торгового баланса и расходов на НИОКР. Исследование показало, что традиционно Франция была представлена в высших эшелонах экономического управления Европейской комиссии больше, чем любая другая страна ЕС. Франция является второй экономикой Евросоюза и останется таковой в ближайшие десятилетия. Однако её доля в совокупном ВВП ЕС поступательно снижается, тогда как доля в населении, наоборот растёт. По величине доходов на душу населения Франция находится на 10-м месте в ЕС и имеет ощутимые проблемы в части международной конкурентоспособности. При сохранении нынешней динамики к концу текущего десятилетия некоторые важные макроэкономические показатели Франции опустятся ниже средних по ЕС, что затруднит её причисление к странам ядра. Это увеличит асимметрию франко-германского тандема и осложнит задачу экономического управления Евросоюзом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>France and Germany have historically played pivotal roles in formulating and advancing the economic policy of the European Union. The conceptual frameworks of German ordoliberalism and French dirigisme underpin the dual foundations of European economic integration. The United Kingdom’s departure from the EU has reconfigured the composition of the Union’s core, amplifying Germany’s significance. This shift simultaneously elevates the Franco-German partnership while rendering France’s position within the Union increasingly contingent upon its tangible economic strength. This article seeks to examine the evolving role of France within the EU’s economic architecture, identify critical long-term trends, and forecast possible realignments in the balance of power within EU economic governance. The analysis includes an overview of France’s intellectual and executive contributions to European economic and monetary policies, followed by a comparative assessment of international statistical data, emphasizing GDP dynamics, demographic trends, per capita income, trade balance, and R&amp;D investment.The findings reveal that, despite being the EU’s second-largest economy, France has exerted a disproportionate influence on the Union’s economic governance, surpassing that of any other member state. French representation in the upper echelons of EU economic and financial policymaking has been unmatched. In the contemporary geopolitical landscape, French dirigisme is experiencing a resurgence of relevance.Nevertheless, France’s share of the EU’s overall GDP has been progressively declining, even as its demographic contribution to the Union has grown. With respect to per capita income, France ranks 10th among EU member states, marking the lowest position among the core economies. The aftermath of the global financial crisis and the eurozone debt crisis has led to a significant erosion of France’s international competitiveness. Should these trends persist, projections indicate that France’s GDP per capita will fall below the EU average by the end of the decade, potentially signaling a shift from core to semi-peripheral status. This development would exacerbate the asymmetry within the Franco-German axis, complicating efforts to recalibrate EU economic governance and policy direction.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Франция</kwd><kwd>Германия</kwd><kwd>Италия</kwd><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>Европейская комиссия</kwd><kwd>экономическая политика</kwd><kwd>демография</kwd><kwd>конкурентоспособность</kwd><kwd>международная торговля</kwd><kwd>расходы на НИОКР</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>France</kwd><kwd>Germany</kwd><kwd>Italy</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>European Commission</kwd><kwd>economic policy</kwd><kwd>demography</kwd><kwd>competitiveness</kwd><kwd>international trade</kwd><kwd>R&amp;D expenditures</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья подготовлена при поддержке гранта Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ на проведение крупных научных проектов по приоритетным направлениям научно-технологического развития №075-15-2024-551 «Глобальные и региональные центры силы в формирующемся мироустройстве»</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This article was prepared with the support of a grant from the Minis- try of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for major scientific projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development No. 075-15-2024-551 “Global and regional centers of power in the emerging world order”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bahmani-Oskooee M., Mohammadian A. 2019. 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