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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2025-2-101-99-126</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-3937</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. История международных отношений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. History of International Relations</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фактор антиядерного движения в Западной Европе в подходах США к переговорам с СССР о сокращении вооружений, 1979–1984 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Containing Protest, Managing Alliance: The United States and Western Europe’s Anti-Nuclear Movements, 1979–1984</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакшаев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakshaev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Владимирович Бакшаев – научный сотрудник кафедры истории и политических наук</p><p>610000, г. Киров, ул. Московская, д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Bakshaev – Researcher, Department of History and Political Science</p><p>Moskovskaya str., 36, 610000, Kirov, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">randvmax@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вятский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vyatka State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бакшаев М.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бакшаев М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bakshaev M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3937">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/3937</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируются международные условия, способствовавшие возникновению и активизации антивоенных (антиядерных) движений в странах Западной Европы на рубеже 1970–1980-х годов, а также раскрываются подходы администрации США к этим движениям в контексте советско-американских переговоров. Исследование основано на широком круге источников, среди которых опубликованные документы администраций президентов США Дж. Картера и Р. Рейгана, материалы Государственного департамента и Центрального разведывательного управления США (включая электронные архивные коллекции), а также неопубликованные документы ЦК КПСС из фондов Российского государственного архива новейшей истории, пресса и мемуары современников. На основе анализа архивных документов и иных источников автор приходит к следующим выводам: 1) ключевым фактором, спровоцировавшим массовую активизацию антивоенных движений в Западной Европе, стало решение НАТО о размещении на европейской территории ракет средней дальности; 2) американские государственные ведомства рассматривали рост активности антивоенных движений в Европе не изолированно, а в тесной взаимосвязи с переговорным процессом по сокращению стратегических наступательных вооружений с Советским Союзом; 3) политика США была направлена на то, чтобы убедить западноевропейскую общественность в прочности американских гарантий безопасности и безальтернативности трансатлантического сотрудничества, тем самым ослабляя влияние Советского Союза на европейские антиядерные движения. Автор показывает, что данный подход американской администрации имел важное значение не только для нейтрализации антиамериканских настроений, но и для создания благоприятных условий для переговоров с СССР по вопросам стратегического разоружения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article explores the international context surrounding the emergence and intensification of anti-nuclear movements in Western Europe during the late 1970s and early 1980s, focusing particularly on the responses of U.S. governmental agencies. It analyzes how these movements were perceived and managed by the United States within the broader framework of U.S.-Soviet negotiations on arms control. The research draws upon a comprehensive range of primary sources, including archival records from the Carter and Reagan administrations, materials from the U.S. Department of State and the Central Intelligence Agency (including digitally accessible collections), previously unpublished documents from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union held at the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, as well as contemporary press materials and memoir literature.Based on a detailed examination of archival and supplementary sources, the study highlights three primary findings. Firstly, NATO’s decision to deploy intermediate-range nuclear missiles in Western Europe served as the critical catalyst for the rapid growth of anti-nuclear activism in the region. Secondly, U.S. governmental bodies perceived the proliferation of anti-nuclear protests not as isolated incidents, but rather as closely interlinked with ongoing strategic arms-reduction negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union. Thirdly, U.S. policy sought actively to reassure Western European public opinion regarding the reliability of American security guarantees and to reinforce the indispensability of the transatlantic alliance. Such efforts aimed strategically at minimizing Soviet influence over anti-nuclear movements in Western Europe. The article concludes that the U.S. approach was instrumental not only in mitigating anti-American sentiment, but also in establishing conditions conducive to productive arms-control negotiations with the USSR.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>американо-советские отношения</kwd><kwd>антивоенное движение</kwd><kwd>движение за ядерное разоружение</kwd><kwd>ракеты средней дальности</kwd><kwd>Брежнев</kwd><kwd>Бжезинский</kwd><kwd>Громыко</kwd><kwd>Картер</kwd><kwd>Рейган</kwd><kwd>Устинов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>American-Soviet relations</kwd><kwd>new social movements</kwd><kwd>anti-war movement</kwd><kwd>movement for nuclear disarmament</kwd><kwd>intermediate-range missiles</kwd><kwd>Brezhnev</kwd><kwd>Brzezinski</kwd><kwd>Gromyko</kwd><kwd>Carter</kwd><kwd>Reagan</kwd><kwd>Ustinov</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счёт гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-78-00129, https://rscf.ru/ project/24-78-00129/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bange O., Villaume P. 2017. 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