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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2025-5-104-7-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-4079</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Региональное измерение мировой политики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. The Regional Dimension of World Politics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Путь Китая на Балканы: роль инициативы «Пояс и путь» в формировании региональных отношений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>China’s Road to the Balkans: The Belt and Road Initiative and the Reconfiguration of Regional Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3064-2111</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пророкович</surname><given-names>Душан</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proroković</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Душан Пророкович – доктор политических наук (PhD), профессор, старший научный сотрудник, руководитель Центра евразийских исследований Института международной политики и экономики</p><p>ул. Македонска 25, 11000 Белград, Сербия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dušan Proroković – PhD in Political Sciences, Full Professor and Senior Research Fellow, Head of the Center for Eurasian Studies, Institute of International Politics and Economics</p><p>Makedonska 25, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dusan@diplomacy.bg.ac.rs</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт международной политики и экономики<country>Сербия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of international politics and economics<country>Serbia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пророкович Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пророкович Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Proroković D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/4079">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/4079</self-uri><abstract><p>Возрастание роли Китая как политического и экономического актора на Балканах знаменует новый этап в развитии международных отношений в регионе. Через двусторонние проекты с балканскими государствами, реализацию инициативы «Пояс и путь», а также в рамках формата сотрудничества Китай – Центральная и Восточная Европа (ранее платформа «17+1») Пекин сумел добиться заметного уровня влияния — прежде всего за счёт кредитования инфраструктурных проектов, инвестиций и инструментов культурной дипломатии. Учитывая, что ещё полтора десятилетия назад китайское присутствие в политико-экономических процессах на Балканах практически отсутствовало, достигнутые результаты можно считать значительными.</p><p>В то же время после первоначального периода активного взаимодействия китайское влияние стало развиваться неравномерно по отдельным странам региона. Такая дифференциация обусловлена изменением политических позиций США, НАТО и Европейского союза по отношению к Китаю. Последовательное ухудшение американо-китайских отношений, а также рост напряжённости в отношениях между Китаем и ЕС оказали прямое воздействие на масштабы китайских инвестиций, кредитование и приобретение активов в балканских странах. В статье анализируются реализованные и приостановленные китайские проекты в регионе, причины отказа от ряда инициатив, а также современные позиции правительств балканских государств в отношении Пекина.</p><p>Исследование опирается на теорию структурного реализма, согласно которой глобальное перераспределение сил напрямую влияет на региональную динамику. В анархической мировой политической системе власть сосредоточена в руках великих держав, а малые государства обладают ограниченным пространством для самостоятельных действий и вынуждены адаптироваться к системным ограничениям. Поэтому, несмотря на очевидные экономические выгоды сотрудничества с Китаем, многие балканские государства воздерживаются от его углубления, опасаясь политических издержек, которые могут негативно сказаться на их отношениях с США и Европейским союзом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The rise of China as a political and economic actor in the Balkans marks a new stage in the region’s international relations. Through bilateral initiatives with Balkan states, the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and participation in the China–Central and Eastern European Countries (China–CEEC) cooperation framework (formerly the “17+1” platform), Beijing has gained a visible degree of influence – primarily through infrastructure loans, direct investments, and instruments of cultural diplomacy. Considering that less than two decades ago China’s involvement in the region was virtually non-existent, this transformation is significant.</p><p>Yet, after an initially ambitious phase, China’s influence has evolved unevenly across the Balkans. This divergence reflects shifting attitudes within the United States, NATO, and the European Union toward China. The steady deterioration of U.S.–China relations– and, to a lesser extent, EU–China relations–has constrained Chinese investments, loans, and acquisitions in the region. The article examines China’s completed and ongoing projects, the causes of suspended or abandoned initiatives, and the evolving policies of Balkan governments toward Beijing.</p><p>Grounded in structural realism, the study argues that the global balance of power directly shapes regional dynamics in the Balkans. Within an anarchic international system, where power is concentrated among major states, smaller countries possess limited agency and must adapt to systemic constraints. Thus, despite evident economic incentives for cooperation with China, many Balkan states avoid deeper engagement, as the potential political costs–particularly the risk of straining relations with the United States and the European Union–outweigh the anticipated economic gains.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Балканы</kwd><kwd>инициатива «Пояс и путь»</kwd><kwd>сотрудничество Китай – ЦВЕ</kwd><kwd>региональные отношения</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>ЕС</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>Balkans</kwd><kwd>Belt and Road Initiative</kwd><kwd>China-CEEC cooperation</kwd><kwd>regional relations</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bo W., Karpathiotaki P., Changzheng D. 2018. 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