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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2026-1-106-53-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-4184</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Глобальная энергетическая политика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. Global Energy Policy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Энергетическая дипломатия в формирующемся многополярном порядке: асимметричная взаимозависимость Аргентины со странами БРИКС (2013–2025 гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Energy Diplomacy in a Multipolar Order: Argentina’s Multisectoral Asymmetric Interdependence with BRICS (2013–2025)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фиоре Виани</surname><given-names>Гонсало</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fiore Viani</surname><given-names>Gonzalo</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гонсало Фиоре Виани – кандидат политических наук, постдок Национального совета по науке и технологиям (Аргентина), доцент Национального университета Кордобы и Университета Блас Паскаль (Аргентина)</p><p>Rondeau 45, 6 D, Кордоба, Аргентина, 5000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gonzalo Fiore Viani – PhD International Relations, postdoctoral fellow at National Council of Science and Technology (Argentina), associate professor National University of Córdoba and Blas Pascal University (Argentina)</p><p>Rondeau 45, 6D, Córdoba Capital, Argentina, 5000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gonzalofioreviani@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулиев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guliev</surname><given-names>Igbal</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игбал Адиль Оглы Гулиев – доктор экономических наук, декан Факультета финансовой экономики</p><p>119454, г. Москва, проспект Вернадского д. 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igbal Guliev – Doctor of Economics, Dean of the School of Financial Economics</p><p>76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Russian Federation, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.guliyev@inno.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный университет Кордобы</institution><country>Аргентина</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Córdoba</institution><country>Argentina</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фиоре Виани Г., Гулиев И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фиоре Виани Г., Гулиев И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fiore Viani G., Guliev I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/4184">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/4184</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу энергетической дипломатии Аргентины в отношениях со странами БРИКС в 2013–2025 гг. в условиях формирования многополярного мирового порядка. Исследование исходит из парадокса диверсификации: расширение партнёрства с новыми центрами силы – Китаем, Россией и Бразилией – не привело к снижению зависимости, а трансформировало её в секторально дифференцированные формы асимметричной взаимозависимости. В работе применяется концепция асимметричной взаимозависимости Р. Кеохейна и Дж. Ная, расширенная на южно-южный формат взаимодействия, а также элементы теории зависимого развития и ресурсной дипломатии. Эмпирический анализ охватывает три стратегических сектора: природный газ, литий и атомную энергетику. Показано, что в газовой сфере Бразилия выступает ключевым рынком сбыта, формируя зависимость Аргентины от экспортной инфраструктуры и ценовых условий. В атомной энергетике сотрудничество с Россией по проекту «Атуча III» обеспечивает доступ к технологиям и финансированию, но закрепляет долгосрочные технологические обязательства. В литиевом секторе доминирование китайских компаний в добыче и переработке ограничивает возможности Аргентины по переходу к более высоким сегментам добавленной стоимости.</p><p>Статья вводит понятие «накладывающейся секторальной зависимости» для описания кумулятивного эффекта перекрёстных асимметрий в различных отраслях. Делается вывод, что участие Аргентины в БРИКС предоставляет инструменты тактической диверсификации и альтернативные финансовые механизмы, однако не устраняет структурные ограничения, обусловленные её положением в глобальных энергетических цепочках. Перспективы укрепления энергетического суверенитета связаны не столько с расширением числа партнёров, сколько с повышением внутренней институциональной и технологической способности к переработке и промышленной модернизации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article examines Argentina’s energy diplomacy with BRICS countries in 2013–2025 through the lens of asymmetric interdependence. Argentina combines exceptional resource endowments – Vaca Muerta shale gas and globally significant lithium reserves – with chronic macroeconomic instability and recurring debt crises that constrain autonomous development and increase reliance on external partners. While existing scholarship discusses BRICS energy diplomacy and individual sectoral dynamics, fewer studies analyze how a middle-income resource exporter manages simultaneous engagements with multiple emerging powers across several strategic energy domains.</p><p>Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative longitudinal design and integrates comparative case analysis, process tracing, and discourse analysis. The empirical base includes Argentina’s Energy Plan 2030, BRICS declarations, EIA and USGS datasets, IMF-related materials, publicly available corporate disclosures and contractual documentation (including Atucha III), as well as expert interviews and triangulated media reporting.The analysis identifies a pattern of “triple dependency” generated by three sectorspecific mechanisms. First, Chinese investment structures and downstream control in lithium constrain Argentina’s capacity to capture value added and upgrade domestically. Second, cooperation in nuclear power–centered on Rosatom’s involvement in the Atucha III project–creates long-term technological path dependence through fuelcycle and maintenance arrangements, despite Argentina’s residual domestic capabilities (CNEA/INVAP). Third, regional gas integration reinforces Brazil’s positional leverage as Argentina’s principal pipeline export destination, limiting Buenos Aires’ bargaining power over pricing and routing. These mechanisms operate cumulatively, producing what the article conceptualizes as sectoral dependency stacking, whereby overlapping dependencies across strategic sectors amplify structural constraints.Argentina has pursued “sovereignty hedging” strategies – diversifying partners, inviting Indian participation in lithium, and promoting local content rules–but their effectiveness remains limited under conditions of financial, technological, and infrastructural asymmetry. The article advances debates by adapting Keohane and Nye’s asymmetric interdependence framework to South–South relations and by linking it to dependentdevelopment perspectives to explain how multipolar diversification can reconfigure rather than reduce dependence.</p><p>The findings suggest that BRICS engagement offers Argentina tactical options and short-term relief from Western conditionalities, yet does not automatically translate into greater autonomy. Policy implications include the need for more enforceable value-chain and technology-transfer clauses, and for investment models that support industrial upgrading rather than reinforcing extractive specialization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энергетическая дипломатия Аргентины</kwd><kwd>БРИКС</kwd><kwd>асимметричная взаимозависимость</kwd><kwd>цепочки поставок лития</kwd><kwd>ресурсный национализм</kwd><kwd>энергетический суверенитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Energy diplomacy</kwd><kwd>Structural dependence</kwd><kwd>BRICS</kwd><kwd>asymmetric interdependence</kwd><kwd>lithium</kwd><kwd>supply chain dependencies</kwd><kwd>resource nationalism</kwd><kwd>energy sovereignty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Börzel T.A., Risse T. 2020. Emerging Economies. But Regional Powers? The BRICS and Regionalism. 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