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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2015-5-44-142-153</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-428</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА. ГЛОБАЛЬНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ.</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD POLITICS. GLOBAL SECURITY.</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методология планирования Европейского Союза в области безопасности и обороны</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The EU Methodology of Security and Defense Planning</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александров</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexandrov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5(44)</issue><fpage>142</fpage><lpage>153</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Александров М.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Александров М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alexandrov M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/428">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/428</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается вопрос о методологии, используемой в рамках Европейского союза при планировании политики в области безопасности и обороны. С этой целью автор анализирует ключевые документы ЕС в данной области, структуру соответствующих органов ЕС и механизм принятия решений. В статье, в частности, рассматривается ответственность Совета ЕС, Военного комитета и Военного штаба ЕС, а также Европейского оборонного агентства при осуществлении оборонного планирования. Автор также проводит сравнительный анализ методологии оборонного планирования ЕС с оборонным планированием США и НАТО. Он показывает, что эта методология во многом схожа. Это, в частности, касается структурного построения и логики планирования, его географического охвата и значительной пропагандистской составляющей публичных документов. Так же как США и НАТО, в своём планировании в области безопасности и обороны ЕС слабо использует стратегическое прогнозирование и ставит во главу угла принцип «стратегической неопределённости». При этом в планировании ЕС широко используются элементы динамического прогнозирования, особенно на краткосрочный период. Однако ЕС пошеёл ещё дальше этой области, применяя методику, которую можно условно назвать «динамическим планированием». В то же время методология планирования ЕС в области безопасности и обороны обладает некоторыми существенными особенностями, связанными с тем, что Евросоюз является в основном организацией гражданского назначения, где военные вопросы занимают лишь небольшое, хотя и достаточно важное место. Поэтому приоритет в планировании отводится поддержке гражданских усилий по обеспечению безопасности и лишь в последнюю очередь использованию вооружённой силы. А это предопределяет тот факт, что основной акцент в политике ЕС сделан на такие инструменты, как кризисное регулирование, политическая стабилизация, миротворческие операции, вовлечение других государств в различные формы партнёрства и сотрудничества.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: The article examines the methodology used within the European Union when planning the security and defence policy. The author analyses the key EU documents in this field, the structure of the respective EU bodies and the corresponding decision-making process. In particular, the article looks at the security and defence planning responsibilities of the European Council, the Military Committee and the Military Staff as well as the European Defence Agency. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the EU security and defence planning methodology with that of the US and NATO. He shows that the methodology is very similar. This concerns in particular the structural composition and the logics of the planning, its geographical scope and considerable propaganda component of respective public documents. Similarly to the US and NATO, the EU defence planning relies very little on the strategic forecasting. Instead the EU makes the principle of “strategic uncertainty” the corner stone of its policies. At the same time the EU widely uses elements of “dynamic forecasting” in its planning process, especially for short term forecasting periods. Moreover, the EU moved even further than the US and NATO along this road by applying the techniques that can be described as “dynamic planning”. At the same time the methodology of the EU security and defence planning has some significant specific features. This is explained by the fact, that the EU is mostly a civilian entity and military issues play only a small, though an important role in its work. Thus priority in its planning is given to civilian methods of promoting security, and the use of military force is regarded as the last resort. That is why the main accent in the EU security and defence policy is made on such instruments as crises management, political stabilization, peacekeeping operations and engagement of other states in all sorts of security and defence partnerships. This article is prepared in the framework of the Russian Scientific Fund project 14-18-02973 “Long term forecasting of the development of international relations”.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Европейский Союз</kwd><kwd>ЕС</kwd><kwd>методология</kwd><kwd>планирование</kwd><kwd>оборона</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>международные отношения</kwd><kwd>военный потенциал</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>США</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>methodology</kwd><kwd>planning</kwd><kwd>defense</kwd><kwd>security</kwd><kwd>forecasting</kwd><kwd>international relations</kwd><kwd>military potential</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Безопасная Европа в мире, который должен стать лучше. Европейская стратегия безопасности. 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