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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2015-5-44-168-172</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-431</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА. ГЛОБАЛЬНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ.</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD POLITICS. GLOBAL SECURITY.</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О проблеме политического ислама в Палестине</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On Political Islam in Palestine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стёпкин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepkin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">egrs2006@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5(44)</issue><fpage>168</fpage><lpage>172</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стёпкин Е.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стёпкин Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepkin E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/431">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/431</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье рассматривается вопрос о месте и роли политического ислама на Палестинских территориях. Доказывается, что, несмотря на события «арабской весны» и рост популярности исламизма в соседних арабских странах, в Палестине этот тренд поддержан мало. Главная причина кроется в существенном влиянии Израиля на политические, экономические и отчасти социальные процессы, происходящие на Западном берегу реки Иордан (ЗБРИ). Существенное сдерживающее влияние оказывает и позиция официальной Рамаллы, выступающей в тандеме с Тель-Авивом против распространения идеологии исламизма в Палестине. Центральное палестинское руководство, пожалуй, является одним из последних удерживающихся у власти в арабских странах политических истеблишментов, стремящихся придерживаться светских принципов управления. В первую очередь это связано с желанием палестинской элиты создать позитивный образ в глазах международного сообщества, от которого она зависит политически и финансово. Также стоит принимать во внимание и позицию самих палестинцев, находящихся сегодня у власти, - в первую очередь президента М. Аббаса. Вместе со своими соратниками по ФАТХи ООП он является представителем старой гвардии светских арабских политиков-националистов, почти повсеместно отстранённых от власти в странах региона после начала «арабской весны» в 2011 г. Наконец, само палестинское общество по-прежнему остаётся объединённым идеей национального освобождения от израильской оккупации, что позволяет отодвинуть вопрос религиозной самоидентификации на второй план. Неслучайно в ответ на просьбу социологов охарактеризовать себя подавляющее большинство палестинцев продолжает ставить на первый план свою национальную идентичность и лишь затем - религиозную (несмотря на очевидный устойчивый курс в сторону исламизации взглядов общества) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. Единственным палестинским анклавом, где политический ислам утвердился у власти, является находящийся в изоляции сектор Газа. Однако правящее там «Движение исламского сопротивления» (ХАМАС), несмотря на декларируемые радикальный антисионизм и исламизм, на деле демонстрирует прагматичную готовность к определённой координации действий с Израилем и центральным правительством в Рамалле. На сегодняшний день в анклаве усиливается конфликт уже внутри исламистского лагеря - между ХАМАС и более радикальными салафитами, поддержавшими действия «Исламского государства» в Ираке и Сирии. В конечном счёте, судьба политического ислама в Палестине будет зависеть от успехов процесса ближневосточного урегулирования (БВУ).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: This article deals with analyzing the place and the political Islam occupies on the Palestinian territories. The author tries to prove that despite the “Arab spring” and growing popularity of Islamism in the neighbor Arab countries its popular support among Palestinians is low. The main reason for this is Israeli total control of political, economic and - partially - social processes taking place in the West Bank. Position of the officials in Ramallah who together with Tel-Aviv strictly contain spread of Islamism throughout the West Bank also has a strong suppressing effect. Central Palestinian leadership may be called one of the few secular political establishments that are still in power in the Arab countries. The main explanation for this is the desire to make a positive effect on the international community, which Palestine totally depends on in political and financial terms. Also one should keep in mind secular beliefs of the current political elite in Palestine. President Mahmoud Abbas with his counterparts from FATAH and PLO represent old type of Arab nationalist politicians, almost all of who were stripped from power after the beginning of “Arab spring” in 2011. Finally, Palestinian society itself still feels united by the idea of national liberation from the Israeli occupation. This helps Palestinians to put aside the issue of religious self-identification. According to the surveys, most of Palestinians still rank their national identity number while describing their identity, while religion comes only second (despite the strong stable tendency for growing Islamization of their views). The only Palestinian enclave where political Islam has gained ground is isolated Gaza Strip. However ruling there “Islamic Resistance Movement” (HAMAS), despite declared anti-Zionism and Islamism, in reality show pragmatic readiness for certain coordination of its actions with Israel and central government in Ramallah. Nowadays one can witness the deepening conflict within the Islamist camp - between HAMAS and more radical Salafists, who support “Islamic State” in Iraq and Syria. In the final end the fate of Political Islam in Palestine will depend on the success of Middle East peace process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Палестина</kwd><kwd>ИГ</kwd><kwd>Израиль</kwd><kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd><kwd>ХАМАС</kwd><kwd>политический ислам</kwd><kwd>салафиты</kwd><kwd>палестино-израильский конфликт</kwd><kwd>ближневосточное урегулирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>«Исламское Государство»</kwd><kwd>«Арабская весна»</kwd><kwd>Palestine</kwd><kwd>“Islamic State” “ISIS”</kwd><kwd>Israel</kwd><kwd>Middle East</kwd><kwd>“Arab Spring”</kwd><kwd>HAMAS</kwd><kwd>political Islam</kwd><kwd>Salafists movement</kwd><kwd>Israeli-Palestinian conflict</kwd><kwd>Middle East peace process</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khalidi: Palestinian Identity. Institute for Palestine Studies. 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