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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2026-3-108-31-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-4343</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ. Международная политическая экономия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. International Political Economy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цифровая валюта центрального банка в контексте социальной политики: опыт китайского e-CNY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Central Bank Digital Currency and Social Policy: The Case of China’s e-CNY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5424-689X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамаева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamaeva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Александровна Мамаева – младший научный сотрудник Центра социально-экономических исследований Китая</p><p>117997 Москва, Нахимовский пр-т, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya A. Mamaeva – junior researcher of the Center for Chinese Economy and Social Studies</p><p>32, Nakhimovsky Prosp., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mamaeva_yua@iccaras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Китая и современной Азии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of China and Contemporary Asia RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мамаева Ю.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мамаева Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamaeva Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/4343">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/4343</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — проанализировать социально ориентированные сценарии применения цифрового юаня (e-CNY) и оценить их значение для реализации государственной социально-экономической политики КНР в контексте развития цифровых валют центральных банков (CBDC). Актуальность темы определяется тем, что CBDC всё чаще рассматриваются не только как инструмент технологической модернизации денежного обращения, но и как средство повышения эффективности государственных выплат, расширения финансовой инклюзии и совершенствования механизмов кризисного реагирования. Методологическую основу исследования составили сравнительный анализ, кейс-анализ практик применения e-CNY, а также изучение нормативных документов и аналитических материалов, посвящённых развитию CBDC. Такой подход позволяет рассматривать цифровой юань не только как платёжную инновацию, но и как элемент цифровой инфраструктуры государственного управления.</p><p>В статье показано, что в китайской модели e-CNY выступает инструментом не только модернизации платёжной инфраструктуры, но и реализации отдельных направлений социальной и структурной политики. Особое внимание уделяется адресным трансфертам, программируемым бюджетным стимулам, механизмам финансовой инклюзии и использованию цифровой валюты в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций. Рассматривается, как интеграция e-CNY с государственными цифровыми реестрами и платформами цифрового управления может повышать адресность выплат, снижать транзакционные издержки и ограничивать риски нецелевого расходования средств.</p><p>Сопоставление китайских практик с международным опытом внедрения CBDC позволяет выявить институциональные особенности китайского подхода. В статье рассматриваются альтернативные модели применения цифровых валют центральных банков, включая ваучерные, инклюзивные и кризисные механизмы цифровых выплат. Сделан вывод о том, что социально ориентированные сценарии применения e-CNY формируют специфическую модель использования CBDC, в которой технологические решения тесно связаны с задачами государственного управления, социальной поддержки и экономической стабилизации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are usually discussed as instruments of payment modernization, monetary sovereignty, or financial innovation. This article shifts the focus to their potential role as instruments of public policy. It examines the socially oriented use cases of China’s digital yuan (e-CNY) and asks how a retail CBDC can be incorporated into mechanisms of social support, regional development, crisis response, and stateled economic stabilization.</p><p>The article contributes to the literature on CBDCs by showing that the policy significance of digital currency depends not only on its technical design, but also on the institutional environment in which it is deployed. Drawing on regulatory documents, official materials of Chinese authorities and financial regulators, reports of international organizations, and academic studies on digital currencies and digital governance, the analysis combines a case-study approach with a comparative institutional perspective. The Chinese experience is compared with selected international practices, including voucher-based, inclusion-oriented, and crisis-response digital payment mechanisms.</p><p>The article argues that e-CNY is developing not merely as a new payment instrument, but as part of China’s broader digital governance infrastructure. Its use in targeted transfers, programmable fiscal incentives, consumer-stimulus schemes, financial inclusion initiatives, emergency payments, and regional support programmes demonstrates how digital currency can be connected to administrative registries, identification systems, and smart governance platforms. This integration may improve the targeting of public payments, reduce transaction and administrative costs, and limit risks associated with the misuse of budgetary resources.</p><p>The study concludes that the Chinese model represents a distinctive trajectory of CBDC development. Its defining feature is the close connection between digital currency design and </p><p>Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are usually discussed as instruments of payment modernization, monetary sovereignty, or financial innovation. This article shifts the focus to their potential role as instruments of public policy. It examines the socially oriented use cases of China’s digital yuan (e-CNY) and asks how a retail CBDC can be incorporated into mechanisms of social support, regional development, crisis response, and stateled economic stabilization.</p><p>The article contributes to the literature on CBDCs by showing that the policy significance of digital currency depends not only on its technical design, but also on the institutional environment in which it is deployed. Drawing on regulatory documents, official materials of Chinese authorities and financial regulators, reports of international organizations, and academic studies on digital currencies and digital governance, the analysis combines a case-study approach with a comparative institutional perspective. The Chinese experience is compared with selected international practices, including voucher-based, inclusion-oriented, and crisis-response digital payment mechanisms.</p><p>The article argues that e-CNY is developing not merely as a new payment instrument, but as part of China’s broader digital governance infrastructure. Its use in targeted transfers, programmable fiscal incentives, consumer-stimulus schemes, financial inclusion initiatives, emergency payments, and regional support programmes demonstrates how digital currency can be connected to administrative registries, identification systems, and smart governance platforms. This integration may improve the targeting of public payments, reduce transaction and administrative costs, and limit risks associated with the misuse of budgetary resources.</p><p>The study concludes that the Chinese model represents a distinctive trajectory of CBDC development. Its defining feature is the close connection between digital currency design and state administrative capacity. The case of e-CNY therefore shows that the effectiveness of CBDCs as public policy instruments depends less on technological launch as such than on their integration into broader systems of public administration, social policy, and economic governance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровой юань (e-CNY)</kwd><kwd>CBDC</kwd><kwd>социальная политика</kwd><kwd>программируемые платежи</kwd><kwd>адресные трансферты</kwd><kwd>кризисное реагирование</kwd><kwd>промышленная политика</kwd><kwd>региональное развитие</kwd><kwd>финансовая инклюзия</kwd><kwd>цифровое государство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital yuan (e-CNY)</kwd><kwd>CBDC</kwd><kwd>social policy</kwd><kwd>programmable payments</kwd><kwd>targeted transfers</kwd><kwd>crisis response</kwd><kwd>industrial policy</kwd><kwd>regional development</kwd><kwd>financial inclusion</kwd><kwd>digital government</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agur I., Ari A., Dell’Ariccia G. 2022. 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