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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2016-2-47-145-160</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-520</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD POLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧАСТНЫХ ВОЕННЫХ КОМПАНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE PERSPECTIVES OF INTERNATIONAL REGULATION OF PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANIES’</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Небольсина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nebolsina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник Центра Евроатлантической безопасности ИМИ,</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher at the Center for Euro-Atlantic security of the International Studies Institute,</p><p>76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nebolsinama@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.п.н., профессор, директор Центра Евроатлантической безопасности ИМИ,</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Political Science, Professor at the Department for Political Studies of MGIMOUniversity, Director for the Center for Euro-Atlantic security of the International Studies Institute,</p><p>76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">an@inno.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2(47)</issue><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Небольсина М.А., Никитин А.И., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Небольсина М.А., Никитин А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nebolsina M.A., Nikitin A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/520">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/520</self-uri><abstract><p>Динамика современных мировых процессов диктует неоднородность среды международной безопасности, включающей в себя как государственных, так и негосударственных акторов, причём правовой статус некоторых негосударственных акторов не всегда чётко определён. Возникновение новых акторов или их быстрая трансформация и переход от прежних форм активности к новым зачастую опережают политико-правовую оценку характера их деятельности, а также степень и возможные последствия подобного воздействия на международные процессы. Государства и международные организации, представители бизнеса и неправительственные организации всё чаще пользуются услугами частных акторов в сфере безопасности. Традиционные методы государственного насилия пополняются нетрадиционными формами, меняя отношение к насилию в обществе вообще. Иногда эффективность негосударственных акторов и скорость оказания ими услуг в сфере безопасности превышает профессионализм государственных служащих и манёвренность государственной машины, однако данные обстоятельства не могут являться ключевыми аспектами, легитимирующими деятельность негосударственных акторов. Случается, что в течение некоторого, иногда продолжительного, времени новые акторы действуют, имея лишь частичную легитимность и, как следствие, неясный характер ответственности. Различные подходы к проблеме регулирования таких акторов на национальном или региональном уровнях частично проясняют, но всё же не приводят к обретению ими правового статуса, закреплённого в международном праве. Для решения данной проблемы требуется выработка комплексного подхода с применением существующих механизмов международного права, а также разрабатываемых методов в сфере саморегулирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern international security is a heterogeneous sphere that includes both state and nonstate actors. Legal status of some non-state actors is not always clear. This can be attributed mostly to the dynamics of the global processes. The emergence of new actors, their fast transformation and shift from old forms of activity to the new ones often outpace political and legal assessment of their nature, the impact on some other international trends and the implications of their use that may arise. States and international organizations together with business and non-governmental foundations have started to turn to private security actors more frequently. The fact that traditional methods of state violence are complemented by non-traditional forms influences the idea of violence in the society at large. The efficiency of non-state security actors and the speed they provide services with sometimes exceed the ones of civil servants' and outmaneuver state machine. However these advantages do not contribute to the legitimacy of these non-state actors. As a result during a certain period of time, sometimes a significant one, new actors perform having just a partial legitimacy and a vague accoun tability. Various approaches towards regulation of the abovementioned actors within the framework of national and regional legislation clarify their status in a way. But these measures are not enough for them to obtain legal status under the International Law so far. To address the problem a complex approach that would combine the existing International Law mechanisms with the developing self-regulation methods is needed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>негосударственные акторы</kwd><kwd>частные военные и охранные компании</kwd><kwd>наёмники</kwd><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>приватизация</kwd><kwd>аутсорсинг</kwd><kwd>суверенитет</kwd><kwd>международное гуманитарное право</kwd><kwd>ООН</kwd><kwd>Швейцарская инициатива</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-state actors</kwd><kwd>private military and security companies</kwd><kwd>mercenaries</kwd><kwd>International Law</kwd><kwd>privatization</kwd><kwd>outsourcing</kwd><kwd>sovereignty</kwd><kwd>International Humanitarian Law</kwd><kwd>the UN</kwd><kwd>«Swiss initiative»</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дополнительный протокол к Женевским Конвенциям от 12 августа 1949 года, касающийся защиты жертв международных вооружённых конфликтов, Протокол I, Женева, 8 июня 1977 года.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дополнительный протокол к Женевским конвенциям от 12 августа 1949 года, касающийся защиты жертв немеждународных вооружённых конфликтов, Протокол II. 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