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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2016-3-48-30-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-534</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>США В ПОИСКАХ НОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОСНОВ ВОЕННОГО ПРЕВОСХОДСТВА: ДИЛЕММЫ «ТРЕТЬЕЙ СТРАТЕГИИ КОМПЕНСАЦИИ»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE U.S. QUEST FOR NEW TECHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MILITARY SUPERIORITY: DILEMMAS OF THE THIRD OFFSET STRATEGY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бартенев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bartenev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.и.н., доцент кафедры международных организаций и мировых политических процессов факультета мировой политики МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова, директор Центра проблем безопасности и развития ФМП МГУ,</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor at the Chair of International Organizations and World Political Processes, Director of the Center for Security and Development Studies, School of World Politics,</p><p>1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir.bartenev@fmp.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3(48)</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бартенев В.И., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бартенев В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bartenev V.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/534">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/534</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние годы в научном сообществе наблюдается заметный всплеск интереса к исследованию влияния научно-технологических факторов на мирополитические процессы. Однако далеко не все каналы такого влияния изучены одинаково полно. Если о роли технологий в изменении характера вооружённой борьбы написано множество крупных трудов, то вопросы использования прорывных военных технологий в политических целях ставятся гораздо реже. Предлагаемая статья призвана заполнить эту нишу посредством рассмотрения новейшей инициативы министерства обороны США, известной под названием «третья стратегия компенсации» (СК-3) и нацеленной на обеспечение технологического превосходства США в военной сфере в XXI в., в первую очередь, за счёт обесценивания новых возможностей России и Китая. В первой части раскрывается концептуальное содержание СК-3, во второй - исследуется комплекс технологических приоритетов стратегии, и, наконец, в третьей - неопределённости, связанные с её дальнейшей реализацией. В заключении отмечается, что появление СК-3 является следствием одновременно эрозии превосходства США в военной сфере и сковывающих их ресурсных ограничений, и поэтому её точные параметры при отступлении императивов бюджетной экономии на второй план могут претерпеть изменения. Отдельно обозначаются основные международно-политические аспекты реализации СК-3. Во-первых, подчеркивается включенность стратегии в контекст «перебалансировки» сил США в АТР. Во-вторых, отмечается появление новых вызовов для европейских стран - членов НАТО, которые могут столкнуться с угрозой углубления технологического отставания от США и необходимостью резкого увеличения расходов на оборонные НИОКР, труднодостижимого в текущих условиях. В-третьих, допускается возможность ослабления позиций США на Ближнем и Среднем Востоке вследствие их сосредоточенности на противодействии высокотехнологичным противникам. В-четвёртых, подчеркивается высокая вероятность наличия дезинформационной компоненты в СК-3 и её нацеленности на втягивание РФ и КНР в ресурсозатратную гонку вооружений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The last decades have witnessed a remarkable surge of interest in studying the influence of science and technology on world politics. However, not all channels of such influence have been examined with equal rigor. Whereas numerous researchers have explored meticulously the impact of technologies on warfare, the issues of using military-technological breakthroughs to achieve political goals have been addressed less frequently. This paper seeks to fill this gaping niche by decomposing the Third Offset Strategy (TOS), a recent initiative of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) aimed at ensuring military-technological superiority of the United States in the XXI century, predominantly, by offsetting the new capabilities of the Russian Federation and the Popular Republic of China. The first section unveils a conceptual framing of the TOS, the second section examines a variety of technological priorities, and the final section identifies key uncertainties around implementation of this initiative in the mid-term and long-term perspective. The conclusion postulates that the emergence of the TOS was determined by both an erosion of the U.S. military superiority and budget constraints, and, therefore, its content might change if budget austerity imperatives will stop dominating the DoD strategists' thinking. The launch of the third offset strategy has also important international-political aspects. First, the TOS fits in the context of the U.S. rebalance to the Asia-Pacific. Second, the American allies in Europe might face a threat of a widening technological gap with the United States and a need to boost their spending on defense research and development, which might be unfeasible in the current fiscal environment. Third, the concentration of the United States on countering high-end opponents might lead to a further marginalization of the Middle East. Fourth, the TOS is likely to contain a disinformation component and aim at dragging the peer competitors of the U.S. into an exhaustive arms race.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Пентагон</kwd><kwd>оборона</kwd><kwd>национальная безопасность</kwd><kwd>технологии</kwd><kwd>сдерживание</kwd><kwd>инновации</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>человеко-машинный интерфейс</kwd><kwd>электронная война</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>United States</kwd><kwd>defense</kwd><kwd>national security</kwd><kwd>technology</kwd><kwd>Third Offset Strategy</kwd><kwd>deterrence</kwd><kwd> innovation</kwd><kwd>revolution in military affairs</kwd><kwd>artificial intellect</kwd><kwd>human-machine teaming</kwd><kwd>electronic warfare</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балышев А.В., Коннов В.И. 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