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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2016-4-49-190-198</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-607</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD POLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОРГАНЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В СФЕРЕ ОПБО ЕС: СТРУКТУРА И СПЕЦИФИКА ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE COMMON SECURITY AND DEFENCE POLICY (CSDP) OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: STRUCTURE AND MECHANICS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фёдоров</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры интеграционных процессов,</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student, Department of the European Integration,</p><p>76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedorov.m.s@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4(49)</issue><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>198</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фёдоров М.С., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фёдоров М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorov M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/607">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/607</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются особенности системы органов управления деятельностью ЕС по урегулированию региональных кризисов, которая реализуется в рамках общей политики безопасности и обороны (ОПБО). Анализируются структура и специфика функционирования органов и подразделений, составляющих эту систему. Автор выделяет три основных фактора, оказавших влияние на её конфигурацию. Во-первых, это проблема соотношения национального и наднационального уровней управления в ЕС. Учитывая чувствительный характер сферы обороны и безопасности, страны-члены союза предпочли оставить за ОПБО исключительно межгосударственной статус, что накладывает определённую специфику на принятие решений в этой области. Во-вторых, ключевым внешним фактором стали отношения ЕС с НАТО и США. С одной стороны, при создании институциональной системы ОПБО альянс выступал в качестве образца для европейских стратегов. С другой, в Вашингтоне рассматривали стремление ЕС создать свой военно-оборонный потенциал как некое дополнение к НАТО и стремились удержать эти интеграционные процессы в рамках альянса. В-третьих, конфигурация механизма ОПБО отражает концептуальный подход ЕС к урегулированию региональных кризисов, который предполагает сочетание военных и гражданских инструментов (так называемая «военно-гражданская синергия»). Были созданы две цепочки подразделений - для управления военными операциями и гражданскими миссиями соответственно. Анализируя работу политических и исполнительных подразделений, реализующих антикризисную деятельность ЕС, автор приходит к выводу, что в целом созданная система органов отвечает потребностям союза в рассматриваемой сфере. По всей видимости, причины известной неэффективности ОПБО лежат в иной плоскости: в силу различных причин политического характера странам ЕС не удаётся использовать в должной мере те механизмы, которыми они располагают.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the system of EU's functional units responsible for conducting crisis management within the framework of the Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP). It analyses their structure and particular features. The author puts forward three main factors, which affected the shape of this system. First, it is the exclusively intergovernmental nature of the CSDP and the veto-power of EU member states in this field. Second, the EU-US and the EU-NATO relations have also influenced the shape of the CSDP organizational structures. On the one hand, the Alliance has served as an example of a successful security organization for the European integration strategists. On the other, Washington has always sought to embed the European security and defense integration into NATO and to control it. Third, the CSDP institutional system embodies a specific approach towards crisis management, elaborated by the EU - a combination of both military and civil instruments of peacemaking (the so-called "civil-military synergy"). Thus, there are two chains of units within the CSDP, designed for planning and conducting military operations and civil missions respectively. Having analyzed political and operational units of the CSDP the author concludes that, overall, the created institutional system is well-suited to the ambitions of the EU in the field of crisis management. However, the EU member states cannot use the potential of this system to the full because of the political differences that divide them.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ОПБО</kwd><kwd>ЕС</kwd><kwd>ОВПБ</kwd><kwd>международная безопасность</kwd><kwd>региональные конфликты</kwd><kwd>урегулирование конфликтов</kwd><kwd>миротворчество</kwd><kwd>институты ЕС</kwd><kwd>военные операции</kwd><kwd>гражданские миссии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CSDP</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>CFSP</kwd><kwd>international security</kwd><kwd>regional conflicts</kwd><kwd>crisis management</kwd><kwd>peacemaking</kwd><kwd>EU institutions</kwd><kwd>military operations</kwd><kwd>civil missions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилов Д.А. Европейский союз в поисках ответов на вызовы Арабской весны // Индекс безопасности. 2012. Т. 18, № 3-4 (102-103). 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