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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2017-1-52-152-161</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-658</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РАЗВИТИЕ ИДЕЙ КЛАССИЧЕСКОЙ ГЕОПОЛИТИКИ В ЧИЛИ (XIX-XX ВВ.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IDEAS OF CLASSICAL GEOPOLITICS IN CHILE (19-20 CENTURIES)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелепова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelepova</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирантка, секретарь-референт,</p><p>115035, г. Москва, ул. Б. Ордынка, д. 21/16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, administrative assistant,</p><p>115035, Moscow, B. Ordinka, 21/16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shelepova_j@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Латинской Америки РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Latin American studies of RAS, ILA RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1(52)</issue><fpage>152</fpage><lpage>161</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шелепова Ю.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шелепова Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shelepova Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/658">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/658</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье сделана попытка ответить на вопрос о наличии в Чили школы или какого- либо направления геополитики. Рассматриваются истоки геополитической мысли, а также первые геополитики независимой республики, такие как Б. О’Хиггинс, наметивший дальнейшее развитие страны. Изложены ключевые события двух периодов в истории внешней политики Чили XIX в. – период региональной и континентальной силовой политики. Тихоокеанская война (1879-1883 гг.) континентального периода внешней политики позволила чилийцам расширить границы своего «жизненного пространства» и закрепила за страной превосходство в южной части Тихого океана. Автор прослеживает формирование различных внешнеполитических концепций в XIX и XX вв., таких как южноамериканский вариант «баланса сил», создателем которого является Д. Порталес, чилийский легализм, сторонником которого был А. Бейо, тихоокеанская стратегия Р.К. Монтальвы, впоследствии доработанная А. Пиночетом. Важным элементом, повлиявшим на формирование и развитие чилийской геополитики в XX в., служит немецкий фактор, и в частности немецкая школа геополитики. Идеи социал-дарвинистов, апробированные и в дальнейшем доработанные, в соответствии с чилийской спецификой, учёными, военными и политиками, сыграли немаловажную, а во многом и ключевую роль в формировании внешней политики Чили. Это касается, например, чилийских интересов в Антарктике. Южный континент – стратегически важный пункт внешней политики страны, составная часть концепции «трёхконтинентального государства», которая была распространена в середине XX в.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article attempts to answer the question if there is a geopolitical school in Chile. It revews the origins of political thought in Chile as well as first geopoliticians of the new independent republic, such as B. O’Higgins. It analyzes the key events of the two periods in the history of Chile’s foreign policy of the nineteenth century – the period of regional and continental power politics. The Pacific War (1879-1883) of the continental period allowed Chileans to expand their «living space» and approved Chile as a key power in South Pacific. The author studies the formation of various foreign policy concepts in 19-20 centuries, such as the South American version of the «balance of power», whose author was D. Portales; Chilean legalism, whose main supporter was A. Bello; Pacific strategy of R.K. Montalva, subsequently modified by A. Pinochet. An important element that influenced the formation and development of Chilean geopolitics in the twentieth century is the German factor, in particular, German school of geopolitics. The ideas of Social Darwinists, tested and subsequently modified, in accordance with the Chilean specifics, by scientists, militaries and politicians, played an important role in shaping Chile’s foreign policy. It supported, for example, the Chilean interests in Antarctica. The southern continent is a strategical point of the foreign policy and a part of the concept of «tricontinental state», which was promoted in the middle of 20 century.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Чили</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика</kwd><kwd>Война за независимость</kwd><kwd>баланс сил</kwd><kwd>Тихий океан</kwd><kwd>геополитика</kwd><kwd>Антарктида</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chile</kwd><kwd>foreign policy</kwd><kwd>War of Independence</kwd><kwd>balance of power</kwd><kwd>Pacific Ocean</kwd><kwd>geopolitics</kwd><kwd>Antarctica</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Капустян Е. Тихоокеанская политика Чили // Россия – Латинская Америка: тихоокеанский мост / под ред. А.И. Сизоненко. М.: ИЛА РАН, 1993. 81 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kapustian E. 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