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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2017-1-52-187-200</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-661</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ГЛОБАЛЬНАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА: НОВЫЕ ВЫЗОВЫ И УГРОЗЫ, ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИХ ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE GLOBAL ENERGY CHALLENGE: NEW CHALLENGES AND THREATS, THE WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.э.н., профессор кафедры мировой экономики, </p><p>19454, г. Москва, проспект Вернадского, д. 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor of World Economy Department,</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.zakharov@mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1(52)</issue><fpage>187</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захаров А.Н., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захаров А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharov A.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/661">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/661</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье раскрываются важнейшие аспекты глобальной энергетической проблемы, с акцентом на обеспечение энергетической безопасности. Российской Федерации необходимо осуществить решение трёх взаимосвязанных задач: обеспечения энергетической безопасности, экономического роста и, в экологической сфере, сокращения выбросов парниковых газов, что приведёт к снижению уровня загрязнения атмосферы и будет способствовать глобальному улучшению состояния окружающей среды. Автором проанализированы состояние и перспективы мировых энергетических рынков и прогноз их развития на период до 2050 г. В качестве главной тенденции выделено развитие малой распределённой генерации, в первую очередь в развивающихся странах. В статье обоснована значимость повышения энергоэффективности в России. В нашей стране на производство единицы ВВП расходуется в два раза больше энергии, чем в странах-членах МЭА, но добиться заметного улучшения ситуации пока не удаётся. Между тем устаревающая, а зачастую устаревшая инфраструктура в электроэнергетике и централизованном теплоснабжении нуждается в срочных капиталовложениях. Привлечение инвестиций в модернизацию и повышение энергоэффективности может быть обеспечено за счёт следующих ключевых мер: снижение зависимости топливно-энергетического комплекса от импорта оборудования; развитие возобновляемых источников энергии (ВИЭ); разработка наиболее рентабельных нефтегазовых запасов и изменение стратегии экспорта.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes key aspects of global energy issues, with an emphasis on energy security. The Russian Federation is to face three inter-related challenges: provide energy security, stimulate economic growth and protect the environment, reducing emissions of greenhouse gases that will reduce the level of air pollution and contribute to the global improvement of the atmosphere. The author analyzes the status and prospects of world energy markets and the forecast of their development for the period up to 2050. As the main trend the development of smalldistributed generation is highlighted, primarily in developing countries. The article justifies the importance of energy efficiency increase in Russia. In our country per unit of GDP consumes two times more energy than the member countries of the IEA, but a noticeable improvement has not yet been achieved. Meanwhile, aging, and often obsolete infrastructure in the electricity and district heat is in urgent need of investment. Attracting investment in the modernization and improvement of energy efficiency can be provided with the following key measures: reducing the dependence of fuel and energy complex on equipment imports; the research of renewable energy sources (RES); development of the most cost-effective oil and gas reserves and the change in export strategy.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энергетическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>Международное энергетическое агентство (МЭА)</kwd><kwd>Мировой энергетический совет (МИРЭС)</kwd><kwd>государственно-частное партнёрство (ГЧП)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>energy security</kwd><kwd>International Еnergy Agency (IEA)</kwd><kwd>World Energy Council (WEC)</kwd><kwd>publicprivate partnership (PPP)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боровский Ю. 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