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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2017-5-56-114-129</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-673</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЕВРОПА И МИР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EUROPE AND THE WORLD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ СОПЕРНИЧЕСТВО В ЭНЕРГЕТИКЕ: НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОСТОЧНОЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО РЫНКА АТОМНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INTERNATIONAL RIVALRY IN THE ENERGY SECTOR: THE EASTERN EUROPEAN MARKET OF ATOMIC ENERGY IN FOCUS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровский</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovsky</surname><given-names>Y. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Викторович Боровский – к.ист.н., доцент кафедры международных отношений и внешней политики России МГИМО МИД России.</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76.</p><p>E-mail: yuribor@mail.ru.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury V. Borovsky – PhD in History Science, associate professor of the Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy of Russia, MGIMO–University.</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454, Russia.</p><p>E-mail: yuribor@mail.ru.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuribor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5(56)</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боровский Ю.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боровский Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borovsky Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/673">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/673</self-uri><abstract><p>В постбиполярный период международных отношений атомная энергетика стала одной из сфер конкуренции и соперничества России и стран Запада. Проведённый анализ теоретической литературы позволяет сделать вывод о том, что «международная конкуренция» (англ. competition) означает в большей мере некое абстрактное, деполитизированное состязание государств и иных международных акторов (включая компании) за некие ограниченные (преимущественно экономические) блага. «Международное соперничество» (англ. rivalry) – это скорее политический процесс, обязательно предполагающий наличие соперничающих пар государств (или их групп), которые состязаются друг с другом не столько за некие блага, сколько с целью расширения своего пространства или власти.</p><p>В наиболее яркой форме конкуренция и соперничество по линии Россия – США/Запад в сфере мирного атома проявляется в восточноевропейском регионе, где американские, европейские и японские корпорации при поддержке внешнеполитических и интеграционных институтов стран Запада пытаются добиться двух главных целей. Во-первых, получить контракты на строительство новых энергоблоков в тендерах, где также участвует «Росатом». Во-вторых, стать поставщиками ядерного топлива для многочисленных реакторов российского (советского) производства типа ВВЭР (водо-водяной энергетический реактор), работающих или подлежащих запуску в целом ряде стран региона (Словакия, Чехия, Венгрия, Болгария, Украина). Подобная деятельность сопряжена с высокими рисками. Усилия по ограничению доминирующих позиций «Росатома» в Восточной Европе формально объясняются необходимостью создания «конкурентного рынка» ядерных услуг в регионе и обеспечения энергетической безопасности стран-членов ЕС. Примечательно также, что экспансия «Росатома» (и его предшественников) на зарубежные рынки, включая восточноевропейский, активно поддерживается российским государством, которое во второй половине 1990-х гг. – после неудачной попытки следования в фарватере Запада – включилось в соперничество с США и их союзниками, по большей мере навязанное противной стороной.</p><p>Как показал проведённый анализ, Россия и страны Запада, прежде всего США, вовлечены в атомную энергетику для продвижения своих экономических интересов, выраженных в успешности бизнеса национальных корпораций. Однако они также являются политическими соперниками, считающими сферу мирного атома, генерирующую миллиарды долларов и являющуюся стратегическим источником энергии для многих стран мира, важнейшим с точки зрения соперничества геополитическим ресурсом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the post-bipolar world nuclear power has become one of the areas of competition and rivalry betweenRussiaand the West. The comprehensive analysis of theoretical publications allows us to consider international competition as an abstract, depoliticized contest of states and other international actors (including companies) for some limited (mainly economic) benefits. International rivalry is more a political process, necessarily involving some rival pairs of states (or groups of states) that compete with each other not only to get some benefits, but to expand their territory or power.</p><p>The competition and rivalry betweenRussiaand the West in the sphere of nuclear power are especially apparent in the Eastern European region where the American, European and Japanese corporations, with the support of the Western foreign ministries and EU institutions, try to achieve two main goals. The first goal is to win the contracts to build new power units, especially in tenders where Rosatom participates. The second goal is to become suppliers of nuclear fuel for multiple Russian- or Soviet-made VVER-type reactors, which are functioning or will be run in a number of countries in the region (Slovakia,CzechRepublic,Hungary,Bulgaria, andUkraine). Such activities can involve high risks. The West’s efforts to curb the dominant position of "Rosatom" inEastern Europeare formally associated with the need to create a "competitive market" of nuclear services in the region and to ensure the European energy security. It is also noteworthy that the expansion of Rosatom (and its predecessors) to foreign markets, including Eastern Europe, is actively supported by the Russian state which in the second half of the 1990s – after a failed attempt of following in the footsteps of the West – joined in the rivalry, mostly imposed by the U.S. and their allies.</p><p>As shown by the analysis,Russiaand the West, primarily theUnited States, are involved in the nuclear power sector to advance their economic interests, expressed in the success of their national corporations. However, they are also political rivals that consider the nuclear power industry generating billions of dollars and supplying energy to many countries as one of important geopolitical resources.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атомная энергетика</kwd><kwd>энергетическая политика России</kwd><kwd>энергетическая политика ЕС</kwd><kwd>энергетическая политика США</kwd><kwd>Восточная Европа</kwd><kwd>международное соперничество</kwd><kwd>энергетическая безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nuclear energy</kwd><kwd>energy policy of Russia</kwd><kwd>EU energy policy</kwd><kwd>US energy policy</kwd><kwd>Eastern Europe</kwd><kwd>international rivalry</kwd><kwd>energy security</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">История международных отношений: в 3-х т. / под общ. ред. А.В. Торкунова, М. М. Наринского, Т. 3. 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