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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8061-2017-2-53-131-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-689</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ОПЫТА ЗАПАДНОЙ БЕНГАЛИИ ДЛЯ ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ БЕДНОСТИ В БАНГЛАДЕШ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EXPERIENCE OF WEST BENGAL FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN BANGLADESH</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>третий секретарь,</p><p>Дакка-1212, Гульшан-2, улица 79, дом НИ (Джей) 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>the third secretary,</p><p>House NE(J) 9, Gulshan-2, Road 79, Dhaka-1212</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastiya-nemo@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Посольство Российской Федерации в Народной Республике Бангладеш<country>Бангладеш</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Embassy of the Russian Federation in the People’s Republic of Bangladesh<country>Bangladesh</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2(53)</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Немова А.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Немова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nemova A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/689">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/689</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье на примере Бангладеш рассматривается проблема бедности и анализируются пути её преодоления. Первостепенное внимание уделяется положению сельского населения, так как для этой категории данная проблема стоит особенно остро. Автор исходит из того, что основной причиной сельской нищеты является исторически сложившееся неравенство в распределении земельной собственности в Бангладеш, в связи с чем очевидна необходимость проведения аграрной реформы. В рамках поиска возможных путей преодоления бедности автор использует сравнительно-исторический метод и сопоставляет опыт Бангладеш и индийского штата Западная Бенгалия в проведении аграрных реформ, направленных на улучшение положения обездоленного населения. Бангладеш рассматривается как модель со слабым правительством и сильными НПО, а Западная Бенгалия (в период пребывания коммунистов у власти в штате) как модель с сильным правительством. Оцениваются сильные и слабые стороны радикальных аграрных преобразований в Западной Бенгалии в 1970-1980-х гг., а также перспективы проведения соответствующих реформ в Бангладеш. В заключение автор приходит к выводу, что для выхода из бедности нужен комплексный подход и, в первую очередь, глубокие структурные реформы, направленные на перераспределение земельной собственности и обеспечение юридического и экономического равенства, которые позволили бы беднейшим слоям населения продуктивно встроиться в жизнь общества. Опыт Бангладеш и Западной Бенгалии показывает, что важнейшей составной частью таких реформ должно быть наделение бедного населения реальными гражданскими правами.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes socio-economic problems and ways of eliminating poverty in Bangladesh. The focal point of the research is poverty among rural population which is the most vulnerable one. The author’s assumption is that the main reason for rural poverty is historical inequality of land property distribution in Bangladesh. The existing measures of poverty alleviation in Bangladesh (micro crediting among others) have made the country a role model for development. However, due to the limited potential of micro crediting a broader program of socio-economic reforms is required for any country striving to provide inclusive development. Using comparative-historical method the article compares the experience of Bangladesh and Indian state of West Bengal in implementing agricultural reforms aimed at improving life of the poor. West Bengal under the CPM rule is considered as a state with strong government whereas Bangladesh is considered as a state with weak government but rather strong non-governmental actors (NGOs). The article makes a conclusion that a weak institutional power of Bangladesh is one of the main reasons why agricultural reforms have not been adopted in this country and that poverty elimination there requires structural reforms to redistribute land property and to guarantee rural population legal and economic equality.</p><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аграрные реформы</kwd><kwd>Индия</kwd><kwd>Бангладеш</kwd><kwd>бедность</kwd><kwd>микрокредитование</kwd><kwd>микрофинансирование</kwd><kwd>неправительственные организации</kwd><kwd>нищета</kwd><kwd>развивающиеся страны</kwd><kwd>социальное неравенство</kwd><kwd>социальный бизнес</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agricultural reforms</kwd><kwd>India</kwd><kwd>Bangladesh</kwd><kwd>developing countries</kwd><kwd>microcredit</kwd><kwd>microfinance</kwd><kwd>poverty</kwd><kwd>non-governmental organizations</kwd><kwd>severe poverty</kwd><kwd>social business</kwd><kwd>social inequality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галищева Н.В. 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