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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoreview</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГИМО-Университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Review of International Relations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9099</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO Universty Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2071-8160-2018-4-61-178-203</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoreview-797</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОССИЯ И БОЛГАРИЯ: МЕЖДУ «ВОЙНАМИ ПАМЯТИ» И ПОИСКОМ ОБЩЕГО ПРОШЛОГО</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RUSSIA AND BULGARIA: FROM «MEMORIAL WARS» TO THE SEARCH FOR COMMON PAST</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пахалюк</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakhaluk</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры политической теории,</p><p>Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Department of political science, </p><p>76 Vernadsky prospect, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kap1914@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4(61)</issue><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>203</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пахалюк К.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пахалюк К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pakhaluk K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/797">https://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/797</self-uri><abstract><p>В рамках данной статьи обращение к истории в контексте внешней политики России рассматривается как апелляция к квазитрансценденции, посредством чего к практическим (политическим, экономическим) аспектам сотрудничества добавляется идеальное измерение. Отмечается, что только в 2010-е гг. отечественная дипломатия стала уделять повышенное внимание подобным символическим аспектам, призванным придать моральное основание проводимому внешнеполитическому курсу через отсылку к той исторической роли, которую играла Россия на международной арене. На практике политизация исторической памяти происходит за счёт включения исторической тематики во внешнеполитический дискурс, а также через различные символические практики обращения к общему прошлому во время официальных визитов. Автор предлагает различать непосредственно места памяти и символические жесты, направленные на их актуализацию. Российско-болгарские отношения характеризуются асимметрией пространств совместной памяти, которые локализованы преимущественно на территории Болгарии. Сам факт наличия общих практик обращения к совместной истории (торжественные церемонии, православные богослужения, возложения венков) позволяет превращать места памяти в совместные пространства памяти, однако интерпретация этих символических жестов в России и Болгарии структурируется разными национальными историческими нарративами. Память о русско-турецкой войне 1877- 1878 гг. и освобождении Болгарии в годы Второй мировой наделяется большим значением именно в Болгарии, нежели в России. Подобная асимметрия приводит к тому, что значительная деятельность по обустройству мест памяти, созданию новых мемориалов оказывается незаметной в России, причём на уровне внешнеполитического дискурса скорее доминируют акценты на негативных моментах (например, действия отдельных вандалов по осквернению памятника Советской Армии в Софии), что лишает проводимую работу на местах символической поддержки и при этом формирует миф о «болгарской неблагодарности».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The reference to history in the context of Russia’s foreign policy is considered as an appeal to the quasi-transcendence, whereby an ideal dimension is added to the practical (political, economic) aspects of international relations. It is noted that only in the 2010s Russian diplomacy began to pay special attention to such «symbolic games», designed to provide the moral basis for foreign policy through reference to the historical role that Russia plays on the international arena. This, in turn, leads to the dominance of performative practices, rather than to the building of dialogue spaces. In practice, the politicization of historical memory is conducted in two ways: inclusion in foreign policy discourse and by various symbolic practices of addressing to the common past during official visits. The author suggests distinguishing actual memory places and symbolic gestures aimed at their actualization. Russian-Bulgarian relations are characterized by asymmetry in the spaces of shared memory, memory places are mainly localized in Bulgaria. We outline main practices of turning places of memory into the common spaces of memory, but interpretations of these symbolic gestures in Russia and Bulgaria are structured by different national historical narratives. The memory of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878 and the liberation of Bulgaria during the WWII are assigned greater importance in Bulgaria than in Russia. This asymmetry leads to the fact that a significant work of the Bulgarian authorities, Bulgarian and Russian public organizations on the arrangement of places of memory and setting up new memorials is invisible in Russia, while Russian foreign policy discourse is dominated by the emphasis on negative aspects (for example, actions of individual vandals to destroy the monument of the Soviet Army in Sofia). This deprives the ongoing work in the field of symbolic support and at the same time forms a myth of «Bulgarian ingratitude». The most striking example is the scandal during the 140-year celebration of the liberation of Bulgaria in March 2018, which is based on a different understanding of how the achievements of the Imperial period should be interpreted today.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>историческая память</kwd><kwd>дискурс-анализ</kwd><kwd>внешнеполитическая идентичность</kwd><kwd>внешнеполитический дискурс</kwd><kwd>культурная политика</kwd><kwd>общественная дипломатия</kwd><kwd>«мягкая сила»</kwd><kwd>российско-болгарские отношения</kwd><kwd>русско-турецкая война 1877-1878 гг.</kwd><kwd>мемориальное сотрудничество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>historical memory</kwd><kwd>discourse analysis</kwd><kwd>foreign policy identity</kwd><kwd>foreign policy discourse</kwd><kwd>cultural policy</kwd><kwd>public diplomacy</kwd><kwd>soft power</kwd><kwd>Russian-Bulgarian relations</kwd><kwd>Russian-Turkish war of 1877- 1878</kwd><kwd>memorial cooperation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александер Дж. 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