EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF «WHITE MAN'S BURDEN» IN THE BRITISH CINEMA OF 20TH CENTURY

The article discusses the features of the evolution on the silver screen so-called "white man's burden" or "civilizing mission" in the British colonies of the British Empire. The means of research were British feature films 1930-1980-ies. Using the author's methods of analysis of the ideological content of tapes and the context of their stories, it became clear that the idea of the "burden of the white" changed not only under the influence of the current socio-political situation in the metropolis and in the world, but also to a large extent transformed under the influence of highly artistic works of British directors each of which sought to bring to the story of the "civilizing mission" own view and vision to such a feature of the existence of the British Empire. The first feature films dedicated to the colonial subjects, by chance came the period of the ideological crisis of the empire in 1930, carried a powerful message of world film audience, the essence of which was the fact that Britain bears colonies only "good and justice" that without imperial province will remain forever languish in "darkness and ignorance." These films have reconciled a few British viewers with the idea of the need to preserve the empire. After the collapse of the colonial system there are films that criticize the cultural expansion of Europeans in the countries of Asia and Africa. The emphasis in these films was placed on the British arrogance and cruelty to the autochthonous peoples. The apogee evolution "burden of the white" reached in 1980, when Britain itself was to form multicultural society. The films of the decade have been devoted to the complete discrediting of the "civilizing mission" and recognize their mistakes in the relationship with the population of the colonies.

British Empire, English cinema, "civilizing mission", natives, British colony, India, Africa, missionary, ideology, propaganda

1. Britanskaia imperiia: stanovlenie, evoliutsiia, raspad [The British Empire: the formation, evolution and decay]. Pod red. V.V. Vysokovoi. [Ed. V.V. Vysokova]. Ekaterinburg: Volot, 2010. 188 p. (In Russian)

2. Gurevich A. Ia. Istoricheskaia nauka i istoricheskaia antropologiia [The science of history and historical anthropology]. Voprosy filosofii [Problems of Philosophy]. 1988. №1. Pp. 56-70. (In Russian)

3. Demin V. I. Istoricheskii mif i mif ob istorii v sovremennom postmodernistskom romane [Historical myth and the history of the myth in the modern post-modern novel]. Avtoreferat kandidata filologicheskikh nauk. [Dissertation of the candidate of philological sciences]. Moscow, 2012. 32 p. (In Russian)

4. Kazalian L. Sovremennaia Angliia [Modern England]. Saint-Petersburg, 1912. 189 p. (In Russian)

5. Kolodiazhnaia V., Trutko I. Istoriia zarubezhnogo kino. T.2. 1929-1945. [The history of foreign films. Vol.2. 1929-1945]. Moscow, 1970. 432 p. (In Russian)

6. Konrad Dzh. Serdtse t'my. [Heart of Darkness. Translated by A. Kravtsova]. Saint-Petersburg: Azbuka, 1999. 136 p. (In Russian)

7. Korda M. Oslepitel'naia zhizn' [Diamond life]. Iskusstvo kino [Art of Cinema]. 1998. № 2. Pp. 159-174. (In Russian)

8. Kudriavtsev S. 3500. Kniga kinoretsenzii. T.2. [3500. Book of movie reviews. Vol.2]. Moscow, 1987. 736 p. (In Russian)

9. Lotman Iu.M. Vozmozhna li istoricheskaia nauka i v chem ee funktsiia v sisteme kul'tury [Can the science of history and what is its function in the system of culture]. Semiosfera. Kul'tura i vzryv. Vnutri mysliashchikh mirov. Stat'i. Issledovaniia. Zametki. (1968-1992) [Semiosphere. Culture and explosion. Inside minded worlds. Articles. Research. Notes. (1968-1992)]. Saint-Petersburg, 2000. P. 385-389. (In Russian)

10. Morgan K. O. Istoriia Velikobritanii [History of Great Britain]. Moscow: All the World, 2008. 680 p. (In Russian)

11. Rappoport S. I. Narod-bogatyr': Ocherki obshchestvennoi i politicheskoi zhizni Anglii [People-hero: Essays in social and political life of England]. Saint-Petersburg, 1900. 376 p. (In Russian)

12. Repina L. P. Kul'turnaia pamiat' i problemy istoriopisaniia (istoriograficheskie zametki) [Cultural memory and the problem of historical (historiographical notes)]. Moscow, 2003. 43 p. (In Russian)

13. Teplits E. Istoriia kinoiskusstva. 1934-1939. T.2. [History cinema. 1934-1939. Vol.2]. Moscow, 1973. 272 p. (In Russian)

14. British Culture and the End of Empire (Studies in Imperialism). Ed. by Stuart Ward, John M. MacKenzie. London, 2001. 256 p.

15. Empire and film. Ed. by Lee Grieveson, Colin MacCabe. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 304 p.

16. Film and the end of Empire. Ed. by Lee Grieveson, Colin MacCabe. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 320 p.

17. Georges Sadoul. Histoire générale du cinéma. Tome 1. L'invention du cinéma (1832-1897) [General history of cinema. Vol. 1. The invention of cinema (1832-1897)]. Denoël, 1946. 623 p. (In French)

18. Hutchins F. The Illusion of Permanency British Imperialism in India. London, 1967. 217 p.

19. Morris Ch. The Pragmatic Movement in American Philosophy. New York, 1970. 210 p.

20. The British Cinema Book. Ed. by R. Murphy. London, 2009. 464 p.

21. The Imperial Idea and Its Enemies. London, New York, 1959. 372 p.