"SOFT POWER": THE DARK SIDE (ON THE CASE OF GERMANY)
https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-3-48-144-153
Abstract
About the Authors
M. M. LebedevaRussian Federation
PhD (Psychology), Dr. of Science (Political Sci.), Professor, the Head of the World Politics Department,
76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454
L. R. Rustamova
Russian Federation
Post-graduate student at the Department of World Politics, expert of PhD and postgraduate study Department,
76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454
M. V. Sharko
Russian Federation
4th year student at Faculty of Political Science,
76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454
References
1. V Kel'ne nachalis' napadenija na migrantov [The attacks on migrants in Cologne]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.postsovet.ru/blog/russia/665168.html (data obrashhenija: 17.01.15) (In Russian)
2. Doklad Verhovnogo komissara OON po delam bezhencev. 2013 god. [Report of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees. year 2013] Rezhim dostupa: http://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article150985155/Landrat-schickt-Merkel-einen-Bus-voller-Fluechtlinge.html (data obrashhenija: 17.01.15) (In Russian)
3. Dolinskij A. Publichnaja diplomatija dlja biznesa, NKO i universitetov [Public Diplomacy for business, NGOs and universities] // Rossijskij Sovet po mezhdunarodnym delam [Russian Council on Foreign Affairs]. 26 sentjabrja 2013 g. [Jelektronnyj resurs].- Rezhim dostupa: http://russiancouncil.ru/inner/?id_4=2399#topcontent/ (data obrashhenija: 17.01.15) (In Russian)
4. Lebedeva M.M. «Mjagkaja sila» v otnoshenii Central'noj Azii: uchastniki i ih dejstvija [Soft power policy towards Central Asia: countries and their goals] / Vestnik MGIMO - universitet, 2014. - № 2 (35). – S. 47-56. - Rezhim dostupa: http://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/sites/default/files/pdf/lebedeva.pdf (data obrashhenija: 21.01.15) (In Russian)
5. Manukov S. Cipras poobeshhal vybit' iz Berlina reparacii [Tsipras promised to knock out reparations from Berlin]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://expert.ru/2015/03/11/tsipras-poobeschal-vyibit-iz-berlina-reparatsii/ (data obrashhenija: 15.01.15) (In Russian)
6. Parshin P.B. Problematika «mjagkoj sily» vo vneshnej politike Rossii: Analiticheskij doklad [The issue of "soft power" in Russian foreign policy]. Institut mezhdunarodnyh issledovanij MGIMO (U) MID Rossii. Moskva, 2013. (In Russian)
7. PEGIDA (PEGIDA) menjaet politicheskuju kartu Germanii [pegida (PEGIDA) changing the political map of Germany].- Rezhim dostupa: http://inosmi.ru/world/20150123/225774170.html (data obrashhenija: 17.01.15) (In Russian)
8. Prem'er Grecii objavil referendum po dolgam strany [The Prime Minister of Greece announced a referendum on the country's debt]. - Rezhim dostupa: http://m.forbes.ru/article.php?id=292573 (data obrashhenija: 17.01.15) (In Russian)
9. Primakov E.M. «Mir bez Rossii? K chemu vedet politicheskaja blizorukost'[World without Russia? The consequences of political short-sightedness]. – M., Rossijskaja gazeta, 2009. – 239 s. (In Russian)
10. Radikov I.V., Leksjutina Ja.V. «Mjagkaja sila» kak sovremennyj atribut velikoj derzhavy ["Soft power" as a modern attribute of great powers] // Mirovaja jekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija [world economy and international relations]. 2012. № 2. S. 19-26. (In Russian)
11. Smirnov A.I., Kohtjulina I.N. Global'naja bezopasnost' i «mjagkaja sila 2.0»: vyzovy i vozmozhnosti dlja Rossii [Global security and the "soft power 2.0": Challenges and Opportunities for Russia] – M.: VNIIgeosistem, 2012. – 252 s. (In Russian)
12. Haritonova E.M. Jeffektivnost' «mjagkoj sily»: problema ocenki [The effectiveness of "soft power": the problem of assessing] // Mirovaja jekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija [world economy and international relations], 2015, № 6, s. 48-58.
13. Asylanträge im Jahr 2015 . Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge. [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.bamf.de/DE/Infothek/Statistiken/statistiken-node.html (accessed: 17.01.15) (In German)
14. A Blazing Surprise. The economist. 01.07.2013 2005 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.economist.com/news/europe/21578725-scandinavian-idyll-disrupted-arson-and-unrest-blazing-surprise (accessed: 17.01.15)
15. Bilan d'execution annee 2005 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Publications/Statistiques/Securite-routiere/Bilan-du-permis-a-points/Bilan-2005 (accessed: 13.01.15) (In French)
16. Corporate and Trust. Studie: Industriespionage 2012. Aktuelle Risiken für die deutsche Wirtschaft durch Cyberwar [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.tuevsued.de/uploads/images/1412067935240388800237/120423-studie-industriespionage-2012.pdf (accessed: 18.01.15) (In German)
17. Fan Y. Soft Power: Power of Attraction or Confusion? // Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, vol. 4 (2008), №. 2. – P. 147-158. - Mode of access: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/1594/3/FullText.pdf (accessed: 17.01.15)
18. Ferguson N. (2004) “Colossus: The Price of America's Empire.”New York: Penguin Press. 416 p.
19. Greive M. Kosten von bis zu 30 Milliarden Euro, jedes Jahr. «Die Welt». 16.04.2015 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article147697183/Kosten-von-bis-zu-30-Milliarden-Eurojedes-Jahr.html (accessed:17.01.15) (In German).
20. Hall T. An Unclear Attraction: A Critical Examination of Soft Power as an Analytical Category // The Chinese Journal of International Politics № 3, 2010 . P. 189-211.
21. Kahnert S. Flüchtlinge kosten Deutschland 21,1 Milliarden Euro. Fokus. 10.10.2015 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.focus.de/finanzen/news/arbeitsmarkt/schaetzung-erhoeht-ifo-institutfluechtlinge-kosten-deutschland-2015-21-1-milliarden-euro_id_5076366.html (accessed: 17.01.15) (In German)
22. Kim M. Evaluating US Soft Power in Asia: Military, Economic and Sociopolitical Relationships Between Asia and the United States, Contemporary Politics, 2009. 15:3, pp. 337-353.
23. Landrat schickt Merkel einen Bus voller Flüchtlinge. Die Welt. 14.01.2016 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article150985155/Landrat-schickt-Merkel-einen-Busvoller-Fluechtlinge.html (accessed:17.01.15) (In German)
24. Lee S.-H. Comparative Studies on Current Situations of Anti-Corruption and Human Rights in Southern Europe, East Asia and Latin America in Perspective of Soft Power, International Area Review, Volume 13, Number 4, Winter 2010, рр. 59-74.
25. London riots: incidents and suspects mapped in the UK. The Telegraph. 09.08.2011 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/8689355/London-riots-allincidents-mapped-in-London-and-around-the-UK.html (accessed: 17.01.15)
26. Malone D.M. Soft Power in Indian Foreign Policy // Perspectives. – 2011. – Vol. xlvi. № 36. – pp. 35-39.
27. Mattern J. B. Why Soft Power Isn’t So Soft: Representational Force and the Sociolinguistic Construction of attraction in World Politics // Millennium: Journal of International Studies, Vol.33 №3 2005, p. 585.
28. Nye J. S. Public Diplomacy and Soft Power // The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. – 2008. –Vol. 616 (1). - pp. 94-109.
29. Nye J.S. Soft Power // Foreign Policy. – 1990. - No. 80. - [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://faculty. maxwell.syr.edu/rdenever/PPA-730-27/Nye%201990.pdf (дата обращения: 17.01.15)
30. Nye J. S. Soft Power and Higher Education. EDUCAUSE nonprofit organization. [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/FFP0502S.pdf (accessed: 17.01.15)
31. Nye J. S. Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. Public Affairs, 2004, 192 p.
32. Nye J. S. The future of power, Public affairs, 2011, 300 p.
33. Nye J. S. The Paradox of American Power: Why the World’s Only Superpower Can’t Go It Alone, Oxford University Press, 2002. – 147 p.
34. Nye J. S. Think Again: Soft Power. Foreign Policy. 23.02.2006 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http:// foreignpolicy.com/2006/02/23/think-again-soft-power/ (accessed: 17.01.15)
35. Osterloh M. Union verliert jeden fünften Wähler. Die Welt. 27.10.2015 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.welt.de/newsticker/article148065634/Union-verliert-jeden-fuenften-Waehler.html (accessed:13.01.15) (In German)
36. Pamment J. Articulating influence: Toward a research agenda for interpreting the evaluation of soft power, public diplomacy and nation brands. Public Relations Review, volume 40, Issue 1, 2014. pp. 50–59.
37. Parfitt T. Woman 'gang-raped in refugee camp ordered to stay SILENT by no-borders activists' [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.express.co.uk/news/world/610376/woman-gang-raped-refugeecamp-activists-Italy-border-France-Ventimiglia (accessed: 17.01.15)
38. Seehofer droht Merkel mit Verfassungsklage. Der Spiegel. 09.10.2015 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/horst-seehofer-droht-angela-merkel-mit-verfassungsklagea-1057085.html (accessed: 17.01.15) (In German)
39. Schaden durch Industrie-Spionage [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.mz-web.de/wirtschaft/deutschland-schaden-durch-industrie-spionage,20642182,18101720.html (accessed: 17.01.15) (In German)
40. Studie: Industriespionage 2012 Aktuelle Risiken für die deutsche Wirtschaft durch Cyberwar [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.tuev-sued.de/uploads/images/1412067935240388800237/120423-studie-industriespionage-2012.pdf (accessed: 17.01.15) (In German)
41. Was die Wirtschaft von den Flüchtlingen hat? Der Tagesspiegel. 14.092015. [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/konsequenzen-der-zuwanderung-was-die-wirtschaftvon-den-fluechtlingen-hat/12316716.html (accessed: 17.01.15) (In German)
42. Weiland S. Neue AfD punktet mit Anti-Asyl-Kurs. Der Spiegel. 30.09.2015 [electronic recourse]. - Mode of access: http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/afd-und-frauke-petry-punkten-mit-anti-asyl-kursa-1055308.html (accessed: 17.01.15) (In German).
Review
For citations:
Lebedeva M.M., Rustamova L.R., Sharko M.V. "SOFT POWER": THE DARK SIDE (ON THE CASE OF GERMANY). MGIMO Review of International Relations. 2016;(3(48)):144-153. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-3-48-144-153