The article addresses the theory of professional language training of students majoring in international relations. Showing the essence of competence-based professional education, the author offers definitions of content and purpose of language training and analyses its specific functions and properties.

The article offers a review of the most important trends in language didactics as revealed by the consistent development of academic thought in the field over the period of 20th-21st centuries. The aforesaid process has laid foundations for modern didactic practices in foreign language teaching, as it addresses media and competence approaches to cross-cultural understanding of functional characteristics, highlighting the new generation didactic materials.

The article looks into the notion of learning and cognitive activities of students in the Internet-environment. It also defines major forms and kinds of the considered activities and sets up their productivity criteria. The author studies and describes the ways of organization and optimization of the activities as the core of self-education in brandnew educational technologies to be developed in the information society.

Proceeding 200 days and nights the Battle of Stalingrad became a turning point in the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people and in all World War II, it turned back, in the western direction movement of the Soviet-German front when Hitler was compelled to recognize that for Germans "possibility of the end of war in the east by means of approach more doesn't exist". After Stalingrad it became clear to the whole world that war against the USSR for a coalition of fascist aggressors is lost. Defeat near Stalingrad allied Germany of armies cracked the fascist block, having forced Italy, Romania, Hungary and Finland actively to look for contacts with the countries of an anti-Hitleriwste coalition for the purpose of a withdrawal from a war. The developed events put an end to calculations on the introduction in war against the USSR to Turkey and Japan, were decisive incentive of growth of a resistance movement in Europe and Asia. The western allies of the USSR intensified preparation for opening of the second anti-Hitlerite front in Europe. U.S. President F.Ruzvelt called battle near Stalingrad epic. Later it sent the diploma of the following contents: "On behalf of the people of the United States of America I hand over this diploma to the city of Stalingrad to note our admiration of his valorous defenders … Their nice victory stopped a wave of invasion and became a turning point of war of the allied nations against aggression forces".

The article analyses the problem of non nuclear high precision conventional arms acquiring offensive and defensive functions. The author claims that by 2020 all strategic objects in Russian will be targeted by aerospace defense systems and there’s great probability that they might be destroyed by the first disarming strike of a potential adversary. The new stage of the scientific revolution having produced new high precision weapons has resulted not only in significant rearrangement of global political layout but also in radical changes in war strategy and has transformed the meaning of military power as a foreign policy tool. Once again it started to be used in minor and major conflicts and wars. The creation of the Eurasian Aerospace Defense depends on success of Eurasian integration processes in military sphere. The author believes that the second decade of XXI century might see a surprise major attack with strategic nonnuclear arms.

The article is devoted to tendencies of development of transnational actors in XXI century. It is shown that their activity intensified, became involved a large number of people and cover all areas. Non-state actors began to form various types of partnerships: with states and with each other. Also the resource base of transnational actors was expanded. They actively use information and analytical resources. In the analysis of contemporary issues of world politics the attitudes, interests etc. of various transnational actors must be taken into account.

The article analyzes the role of Internet companies in contemporary world politics. Large internetcompanies such as Facebook, Google etc., shape basic trends of the global information space thus influencing the environment of the world politics. Pivotal interests of internet companies lie in the commercial, but not political sphere, resulting in their indirect role as world political actors.

The results of research of participation of international networked associations of internet developers in world political process are presented in the article. The main cases are associations that develop technical standards for the internet or promote such standards (IETF and WaSP), associations that develop countermeasures against the political control of internet communications (Netsukuku, TOR and FreeNet), and an association that develop one of the most remarkable political online projects WikiLeaks.

This paper attempts to answer the question of whether the Internet community and the individual users of social networks are actors in world politics. They are gaining political influence, and Web 2.0 technologies are increasingly political. We analyze projects integrating social web services to interact with government information systems by citizens, NGOs and business are analyzed. We identify basic advantages and limitations of using social Internet services in politics. We examine experience of their use in government agencies in several countries. We analyze official documents governing the use of social networks in the interaction of authorities with the citizens and business

The article is devoted to the questions about mass media as non-governmental actors of world politics. The author notes the main activities of mass media in world politics, researches the state information policy, models of the relations of the state with mass media. The role of political censorship and propaganda in interaction with the international public opinion is considered especially.

International cooperation in Academia became a norm. The evolution from sporadic contacts of leading professors for academic and scientific relations to wide cooperation programmes basing on a common values and political mission and aiming to the attraction of human recourses on external markets took a moderate period of time according to the history. Why European Universities cooperate? What are the tasks for cooperation with third countries? How the vector of cooperation between universities systems between Russia and EU have been developin?

Crises in global finance and economy, the threat of wars and tension in world relations, the degradation of the non-material bases of civilization, i.e. morality, law, politics, and culture, do not bother a group of influential financial and political figures of the West : they believe that after a sequence of crises and wars, a "new world order", the NWO, will be established. Projected globally once by the "hard", once by the "soft" power, the ideology and practice of the NWO negates the foundations of civilization gained by ordeals and sufferings of mankind, and means the departure from the principles and norms of the actual world order valid until the end of the 20th century. Essentially, the NWO is an anticivilizacion. If the project is allowed to be implemented, the lives of humans will change beyond recognition. Thus, the key challenge of our time : do not let the project to be realized, consolidate the forces opposing the NWO.

From the very beginning of the Middle East conflict the relations between the Israelis and the Palestinians as well as the problem of establishing a Palestinian state have gone far beyond the region to become an issue of the international political agenda. The internationalization of the Palestinian statehood problem was a gradual process of more and more regional and international actors getting involved. Undoubtedly, the UN has played one of the major roles in the Middle East settlement. The European, Russian, Arab and American participation has been of a certain importance as well.

The article aims to consider the development and adoption process of one of the most crucial conceptual documents – Armenia’s National Security Strategy. The Armenian vision of internal and external threats of Armenia’s National Security is presented in accordance with the conceptual documents of Armenia. Particularly stressed is the role of the factor of adoption of such type of document as Armenia’s National Security Strategy and the role of the very document in the activity of the state authorities.

The article covers the issue of the evolution of Islamic Radical movement in Pakistan at the present stage. Since 2001 the north-western Pakistan has gained prominence. It witnessed accumulating of various extremist forces opposing the international coalition in Afghanistan. The problem of the presence of radical forces in the volatile Afghan- Pakistani border region remains relevant in this period of decreasing extremist activities. The significance of the problem is amplified by the upcoming 2013 general elections in Pakistan and the forthcoming withdrawal of coalition troops from Afghanistan.

The recent Sino-Japanese conflict over the Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands has turned the attention of the academic community toward growing nationalistic sentiment in North East Asia. This paper is an attempt to analyze the territorial dimension of the region’s nationalism, identify various factors that are bringing nationalism to the fore, warn of the possible dangers of using this political tool and make some short- and long-term predictions concerning the recent dispute.

The article focuses on two major fields of economic analysis of international interaction: international economics and international political economy. Each of the areas is considered through its formal methodological foundations. An attempt to formulate a general theoretical and methodological foundations of economic analysis of international interaction is made.

The Kyrgyz Republic is referred to the countries with sizeable water resources. In spite of an enormous hydropower potential of the republic’s rivers the national energy sector strongly depends on the Toktogul dam’s functioning, which is also important to maintain water–energy balance in the Central Asia. In conditions of unremitting quarrelling over working regimes of this station construction of the Kambarata hydropower stations in Kyrgyzstan can be considered as one of the most optimal ways to solve regional water– energy problems.

The remarkable results of “shale gas revolution” in the USA have provoked a huge interest in Chinese energy circles. Beijing seriously considers the prospects of developing its abandoned domestic shale gas resources, which might result in a second “shale gas revolution”, this time in Asian region. Developing shale gas would help Beijing to bridge the gap between energy consumption and supply, and would also create a viable alternative to coal. However, the technology of shale gas extraction (hydraulic fracturing) is highly controversial, and raises a lot of concerns among environmentalists. “Fracking” has already been banned in a number of European states and there, and is a subject to moratorium in US states of New York, Connecticut and New Jersey. The core question is whether China can successfully adapt the extraction technology to its geologic conditions, and most importantly whether “fracking” of shale gas will help to alleviate the environmental degradation caused by rapid GDP growth, and help to increase energy security of Chinese economy.

In this article the author makes a brief quantitative and feature analysis of the role of offshores in the world economy. He gives the definition for offshores and considers the possibility to estimate the real scale of offshore activity. The author also points out the positive and negative consequences of use of offshores by economic agents.

This note provides an initial estimation of some of the economic effects of the customs union operating process within the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) and the single economic space,statistical data on mutual trade between the states of the customs union both as a whole on the customs union, and separately on its members(respectively, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia), besides it provides the main results of functioning of the Customs union during the period of 2010–2011.

The article deals with the transition to inflation targeting, which is a flexible and relatively new method of monetary policy. The Israeli experience in this field is analyzed. The paper shows that, after long periods of high inflation and disinflation the Bank of Israel has adopted the most efficient and painless for other macroeconomic objectives tools.

The article introduces the readers to the problem of the role of the monarch in the British constitutional system. This research covers the subject of the British Constitution and Law, it explains the differences between the notions “crown” and “king/ queen”, revealing their peculiarities. The reader can find a summary of a deep analysis of the constitutional system, its functions and features.

The author analyses actual problems of gender discourse, such as gender socialization and gender identification from positions of the leading social theories of the 20th century (structural-functional, constructivist and structural-constructivist), denoting change of classical thinking by modern and postmodern.

The article is devoted to changes in the Russian culture during the rule of Mikhail, Aleksey and Feodor III and during the rule of Regent Sofia in the XVII century

The article examines one of the main questions of intercommunications between main religious and cultural systems in India: Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity in literature and art. The article, using the actual material, focuses the similarities and differences between those systems, results the basic data on the interaction of these systems in literature and art and shows the mutual influence and interaction of such different systems.

The article analyzes a stereotypical image of Russian scientist, published in a range of books of Russian Academy of Science. This image represents a construction of an ideal Russian scientist, who possesses the most desirable personal characteristics and reflects values of Russian scientific community. The article stresses, that popularization of such an image would contribute to rise of prestige of Russian science and profession of scientist.

In article problems of the introduction of mankind in the difficult society which intrinsic line is the formation which is occurring not linearly, with accompanying risks, traumas, gaps, paradoxes are considered. The author claims that adequate interpretation of these processes does necessary humanistic turn in sociology. Respectively, the interdisciplinary humanistic theory of complexity which itself is at a formation stage, is capable to prove approaches to implementation of humanistically focused modernization of the Russian society.

The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of postmodernism as a sociological approach to the study of the modernization of a complex society. There are discussed the postmodernist approaches to the problems of epistemology, determinism and representation that influence on the understanding of social-economic reality in the works of modern sociologists.

The author presents a review of scientific papers and methodological manuals on the researching of innovation community problems. It is stated that different approaches can be applied to analyze national innovation systems and clusters. Special attention is given to the value-based approach. That enables to find out ways and methods how to build a high effective innovation system and social-stable innovation community.

The paper focuses on nonlinear sociocultural dynamics inherent in a number of modern development processes. New approaches which reject the linear interpretation of social development and take into account its complexity and risks are discussed in the paper. The author analyses the types of non-economic capital (human, intellectual, social, cultural, sembolic and environmental) and their influence on the processes of the development and modernization.

The article deals with the main ways of modernization of the educational system. The author dwells on the notion of “the interconnected education system” and describes its structure, types of interconnections and social effects of this model on those involved in the educational environment of Russia.

The article deals with the theoretical aspects of the transformation of mass media messages about situations of ethnocultural contact in the public discourse about ethnicity. The author presents a classification and brief description of the main information genres forming public discourse about ethnicity and the elements of a discourse analysis of news.

This paper is dedicated to the analysis of morphological, syntactic and typological characteristics of blends in Modern Literary Arabic in the course of sociopolitical terminology within the naming processes.

The article is concerned with analysis of rhyming slang euphemisms for some addictions (alcoholism and drug–taking). In the focus of attention is the concept “intoxicated/drug intoxicated”, the means of its representation and euphemistic rhyming slang names of some drugs and doses.

(to the fifth anniversary of signing of the Agreement on strategic partnership between
the Russian Technologies State corporation and MGIMO(U) the MFA of Russia).

The article is dedicated to the problem of defining the term “Northern balance” as a factor of stability and interaction in the north of Europe, as well as the balance of Soviet and US interests in this region. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of practical grounds for such a definition, primarily to the peculiarities in the Northern European foreign policy in relation to NATO. Besides, the article focuses on Norwegian foreign policy and the terms of the country’s membership in the North-Atlantic alliance.

This article, which covers the period till September 2012, presents a comprehensive review of the US counterproliferation strategy, its genesis, implementation and consequences. The author also outlines Russia’s nonproliferation initiatives and unveils possible steps to strengthen nonproliferation regime.

The article investigates the cooperative communicative strategies and tactics of English business discourse. There is a necessity of harmonization of business discourse as a sphere of positional and interest collision. Harmonization is a process of maintaining cooperative communication leading to mutually beneficial results. The pragmatic properties of cooperative communicative strategies enable the speakers not only to achieve the set goal but also to sustain positive relationship with the partner.

The article analyses the present-day specifics of energy security and its potential impact on international relations. Generalizing the global energy forecasts up to 2030-2035 the author singles out “points of tenderness”, the elements of global energy security fraught with tension in the years to come. The article emphasizes the urgent need of the current developments in the global “energy landscape” to be considered in the framework of the Russian foreign policy.

The article focuses on the formation and subsequent development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), which was a response of the association’ states-founders to a dangerous increase the threat of terrorism, separatism and extremism in the post-Cold War period. According to the author, during the last decade, the SCO has demonstrated its potential as an effective tool for regional integration, able to ensure the implementation of its member countries’ key interests. The author shows the evolution of approaches to the question of the organization’ expansion with the inevitable in this case internal problems of growth and the need to strengthen its institutional framework.

Tourism today is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. The article gives a brief review of a new economic paradigm and development model: a green economy. It shows how green investment in European tourism sector can contribute to economically viable and robust growth, decent work creation and poverty alleviation, while improving resource efficiency and minimising environmental degradation. Much of the economic potential for green tourism is found in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which need better access to financing for investing in green tourism. Investments and policies of European Union government can leverage private sector actions on green tourism.